BEING REVISED: NOT THE FINAL VERSION Government 1982
Chinese Foreign Policy 1949-2005Fall 2005
MW 2-3:30Prof. Alastair Iain Johnston
Weatherhead Center for International Affairs
1737 Cambridge Street Rm 238
johnston@fas.harvard.edu
Course Description: This course has two main goals. The first is to provide you with a history of China's foreign policy since 1949. This includes basic developments in China's bilateral relations with other states (particularly the US and Soviet Union/Russia), in China's relations with other actors in international politics from revolutionary movements to international institutions, and in Chinese positions on global issues such as environment, human rights, and arms control. We will also look at some of the tools of Chinese foreign policy, from normative power to military force to trade and economic policies. A critical guiding question is: How has Chinese foreign policy balanced the often competing goals of state security, economic development, domestic political order, and international status and influence?
The second goal is to apply analytical tools from international relations theory and comparative foreign policy analysis to the Chinese case. These include structural/systemic theories, cultural and ideological explanations, domestic political factors, and psychological approaches among others. The purpose is to familiarize you with some of the basic theoretical approaches to the study of state behavior with a view to gauging their value for understanding Chinese foreign policy. To what extent can Chinese foreign policy be explained by political, social, and cultural factors unique to China, and to what extent is it determined by processes and factors common to other states? Put another way, how much do we need to know about China as China in order to explain Chinese foreign policy behavior? The course does not begin by privileging any particular approach. This is not to say that every approach is equally valid. This is up to you to decide. One of the aims of the course, then, is to figure out what makes a 'good' explanation of foreign policy in the Chinese case.
Grading: You have a choice of grading plans. This allows you to play to your strengths. You will be asked to chose your plan in the first couple of weeks of the semester. Section assignments will be announced well in advance.
For undergraduates:
PLAN A: Discussion section and assignments, 25%; mid-term, 25%; final exam, 50%
PLAN B: Discussion section and assignments, 25%; mid-term, 25%; term paper, 50%
PLAN C: Discussion section and assignments, 25%; mid-term, 25%; final exam, 25%; term paper, 25%.
For graduate students:
PLAN A: mid-term, 25%; review essay, 25%; final exam, 50%
PLAN B: mid-term, 25%; review essay, 25%; term paper, 50%
<>PLAN C: mid-term, 25%; review essay, 25%; final exam, 25%; term paper, 25%.
• The mid-term take-home exam will be issued on Wednesday October 26 and will be due back on Monday, October 31. You will have a choice of two or three essays from which to chose one. You should not need to work more than 4 hours on the mid-term.
• The review essay (for grad students only) will entail a critical analysis of two or three books on some topic in Chinese foreign policy. The purpose is to choose influential and/or representative works that constitute the 'state of the art' in the field, and critique the argument, evidence, logic, sources and holes in the books. For those writing a term paper, the review essay will serve as a version of the literature review at the start of your paper.
• For the term paper, you will be asked to meet with me or the teaching fellow to discuss your proposed topic before the week of November9. At that date you will be asked to provide a paper prospectus (topic, brief description/outline and initial bibliography). For undergraduates the expected length of the paper is 20-25 pages. For graduate students the expected length is 30-35 pages. The term paper is due January 9, 2006. Should you choose option C, then the term paper can be 5-10 pages shorter than for the other options.
• The final exam date will be set by the Registrar's office and typically we won't know this until well into the semester. The final exam will consist of three equally weighted parts: a section asking you to identify and give the significance of a number of events and concepts; an essay focusing on a specific topic or conceptual issue from a section of the course; and a integrative essay that focuses on major themes or trends in Chinese foreign policy across the years.
Excepting those who have the standard valid excuses, late assignments will be graded down each day they are late (e.g. A to A/A-, A/A- to A-, etc).
The content and due dates of all assignments will be explained in more detail in class, and will be announced with plenty of warning. PLEASE TAKE A LOOK AT THE DUE DATES ABOVE AND PLAN YOUR SEMESTER WORK SCHEDULE ACCORDINGLY.
Plagiarism: Please read and familiarize yourself with the following statement on plagiarism. If you are still uncertain as to what constitutes plagiarism please to not hesitate to contact me or your teaching fellow. Plagiarism is a very serious academic offense. Harvard faculty can use various internet-based programs for detecting plagiarism if necessary.
Sections: Undergraduate section will meet once a week to discuss substantive questions and issues raised in the lectures and readings. The time and location of sections will be arranged in the first week of class. There will be no formal sections for graduate students. Instead the 25% of the grade allocated to section work will be replaced by a short literature review paper due November 19.
Readings: It is best if you do all the required readings before the lecture. The recommended readings are useful for following up on a topic, or for building a preliminary bibliography for your term paper. There is an Appendix with additional online and hard copy materials useful for the study of Chinese foreign relations. You can buy the following books from the COOP:
Robert Ross, Negotiating Cooperation: The United States and China, 1969-89 (Stanford University Press 1995)
Chen Jian, Mao's China and the Cold War (UNC Press, 2001)
All other required readings are either in the course reader or are online. Readings marked with an * are in the course reader. The course reader can be purchased at Gnoman Copy on Mass Ave. Readings marked with (web page)are available on the course web page (http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~gov1982/). Other online readings are available through the online syllabus found at the course web page. Many of the readings specifically on China are in the Fairbank Center Library, a non-circulating library in first floor of the Fairbank Center for East Asian Research (625 Mass. Ave until October,CGIS South Building after).
For those of you who want more background in the domestic political history of the PRC you might consult a couple of books: Kenneth Lieberthal, Governing China: From Revolution Through Reform and Harry Harding, China's Second Revolution: Reform After Mao. For those who want more background in international relations or comparative foreign policy I would recommend that you look at Bruce Russett and Harvey Starr, World Politics: The Menu for Choice (various editions)
Students with Disabilities: Anyone in the class who has a disability that may require some modification in seating, testing, or class requirements please see me as soon as possible. The Student Disability Center at 20 Garden Street (496-8707) has additional information and resources which may be useful.
September 19: Course Introduction: Why Chinese Foreign Policy Matters
September 21: Thinking About Chinese Foreign Policy
REQUIRED
James Rosenau, "Thinking Theory Thoroughly" in Rosenau, The Scientific Study of Foreign Policy (1980). 19-31 *
Robert Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics (Princeton 1976) Chp 1*
Samuel Kim, "China and the World in Theory and Practice" in Kim ed., China and the World. (1999)(4th edition) 3-41*
RECOMMENDED
James Rosenau, "Toward Single-Country Theories of Foreign Policy: The Case of the USSR" in Hermann et al New Directions in the Study of Foreign Policy 53-76.
Harold Jacobson and William Zimmerman "Approaches to the Analysis of Foreign Policy Behavior" The Shaping of Foreign Policy (1969) 1-17
Celeste Wallander, "The Sources of Russian Conduct: Theories, Frameworks, and Approaches" in Wallander ed The Sources of Russian Foreign Policy After the Cold War. Boulder: Westview Press, 1996
James Rosenau, "China in a Bifurcated World: Competing Theoretical Perspectives" in Thomas Robinson and David Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice. pp.524-551
Allen Whiting, "Forecasting Chinese Foreign Policy: IR Theory versus the Fortune Cookie" in Robinson and Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice pp.506-523.
Michael Ng-Quinn "The Analytic Study of Chinese Foreign Policy," International Studies Quarterly 27 (1983) 203-224
James Hsiung "The Study of Chinese Foreign Policy: An Essay on Methodology." in James Hsiung ed., China in the Global Community 1-15
Samuel Kim, "New Directions and Old Puzzles in Chinese Foreign Policy" in Samuel Kim ed., China and the World (2nd edition) 3-30
David Shambaugh, "A Bibliographical Essay on New Sources for the Study of Chinese Foreign Relations and National Security" in Robinson and Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice pp.603-618
Michael Hunt, "CCP Foreign Relations: A Guide to the Literature" in the Cold War International History Program Bulletin Issue 6-7 (Winter 1995/6) pp.129, 137-143
September 26: 1949-1953: Nation Building and 'Leaning to One Side'REQUIRED
Chen Jian, Mao's China and the Cold War (2001) pp.17-64, 85-138
RECOMMENDED
Bo Yibo "The Making of the 'Leaning to One Side' Decision." Chinese Historian 5:1 (Spring 1992) 57-62
Mao Zedong, "On the People's Democratic Dictatorship" (June 1949) Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung. Vol.4 411-423
Zhang Shuguang "Preparedness Eliminates Mishaps: The CCP's Security Concerns 1949-1950 and the Origins of Sino-American Confrontation." Journal of American-East Asian Relations. 1:1 (Spring 1992) 42-72
Michael Hunt "Beijing and the Korean Crisis, June 1950-June 1951 Political Science Quarterly. 107:3 (Fall 1992) 453-478
Mark Ryan China's Attitudes Towards Nuclear Weapons
Gordon Chang Friends and Enemies: The United States, China and the Soviet Union, 1948-1972. (1990)
Wu Xiuquan, "Sino-Soviet Relations in the Early 1950s." Beijing Review (November 21, 1983)
Qiang Zhai, "The Making of Chinese Communist Foreign Relations, 1935-1949: A New Study from China." The Journal of American-East Asian Relations. 1. (Winter 1992).
Thomas Christensen, "Threats Assurances and the Last Chance for Peace." International Security 17:1 (1992) 122-154
Gerald Segal Defending China 92-113
Sergei Goncharov, John Lewis and Xue Litai, Uncertain Partners: Stalin, Mao and the Korean War (Stanford, 1993)
Chen Jian, John Garver, Michael Sheng in "Symposium on Rethinking the Lost Chance in China" Diplomatic History 21:1 (Winter 1997) pp.77-104
September 28: 1949-1953: Structural Explanations
REQUIRED
Kenneth Waltz, Theory of International Politics (1979) 115-128 *
Lowell Dittmer Sino-Soviet Normalization (1992) 147-165 *
RECOMMENDED
Michael Ng-Quinn "International Systemic Constraints on Chinese Foreign Policy." in Samuel Kim China and the World (1st edition) esp. 95-103
J. D. Armstrong, Revolutionary Diplomacy 47-63
Zhu Hongqian "China and the Triangular Relationship" in Hao Yufan and Huan Cuocang. The Chinese View of the World. 31-56
Ming Chen "Introduction" in The Strategic Triangle 1-10
Lowell Dittmer "The Strategic Triangle: An Elementary Game Theoretical Analysis" World Politics 33:4 (July 1981) pp.485-515
Kenneth Waltz, Man, The State and War 1959
Robert Keohane, ed., Neorealism and its Critics. 1986
Brian Healy and Arthur Stein, "The Balance of Power in International History." Journal of Conflict Resolution. 17:1 (March 1973) 33-61
Robert Jervis, System Effects (Princeton 1997)
October 3: 1954-1957: The Bandung Period and 'Normal' Diplomacy
REQUIRED
Zhai Qiang "China and the Geneva Convention of 1954" China Quarterly (June 1992) 103-122 *
Michael Yahuda China's Role in the World (1978) 64-101 *
<>Gerald Segal Defending China (1985) 114-139 *
RECOMMENDED
Zhai Qiang, China, The Vietnam Wars, 1950-1975 (Chapel Hill 2000)
John Lewis and Xue Litai China Builds the Bomb 11-72
Alice Hsieh, Communist China's Strategy in the Nuclear Era. 15-75
Thomas Stolper, China, Taiwan and the Offshore Islands.
John Gittings The World and China, 1922-1972. (1974) 196-220
Robert Sutter China Watch (1978) 47-62
October 5: 1954-1957 Historical Memory Explanations
REQUIRED
Robert Jervis, Perceptions and Misperceptions in International Politics, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976), ch.6 *
Yuen Foong Khong, Analogies at War (1992) chapter 2, pp.19-46 *
John Garver, Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China. (1993) 2-30 *
Michael Hunt, "Chinese Foreign Relations in Historical Perspective." in Harry Harding ed., China's Foreign Relations in the 1980s (1984) 1-42 * [KEEP?]
RECOMMENDED
John Fairbank, "A Preliminary Framework." in Fairbank, The Chinese World Order. 1-14 *
William Kirby, "Traditions of Centrality, Authority and Management in Modern China's Foreign Relations." in Robinson and Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice pp.13-29
John Cranmer-Byng "The Chinese View of Their Place in The World" China Quarterly (1973) 67-79
Mark Mancall China at the Center: 300 Years of Foreign Policy 1-312
John Fairbank "China's Foreign Policy in Historical Perspective" Foreign Affairs (1969) 448-463
Benjamin Schwartz "The Chinese Perception of World Order, Past and Present." in John Fairbank ed., The Chinese World Order 276-288
Ssu-yu Teng and John Fairbank, China's Response to the West.
Hao Yen-p'ing and Wang Erh-min, "Changing Chinese Views of Western Relations, 1840-1895." in the Cambridge History of China: Late Ch'ing 1800- 1911. Vol.11 part 2 (1980) pp.142-201.
Immanuel Hsu China's Entrance into the Family of Nations.
Zhang Yongjin China in the International System, 1918-1920: The Middle Kingdom at the Periphery. (1991)
K.C. Liu, "Late Ch'ing Foreign Relations." in The Cambridge History of China: Late Ch'ing. Vol.11 part 2. (1980) 70-141
Immanuel Hsu "Modern Chinese Diplomatic History: A Guide to Research." The International History Review Vol.1 no.1 (January 1979) 102-120
Richard Walker, The Multi-State System of Ancient China. (1953)
Morris Rossabi ed., China Among Equals: The Middle Kingdon and Its Neighbors.(1983)
Michael H. Hunt, The Genesis of Chinese Communist Foreign Policy (1996).
October 12: 1958-1964: The Sino-Soviet Rift and the 'Revolutionization' of Chinese Foreign Policy.
REQUIRED
Chen Jian, Mao's China and the Cold War (2001) pp.64-84, 163-204
Michael Yahuda China's Role in the World(1978) 102-132 *
Qiang Zhai, China and the Vietnam Wars, 1950-1975 (Chapel Hill, 2000) Chps 5,6 *
The Khrushchev-Mao Conversations, July and October 1958
RECOMMENDED
John Garver, "New Light on Sino-Soviet Relations: The Memoirs of China's Ambassador to Moscow, 1955-1962" The China Quarterly (June 1990) 303-307
Gerald Segal, Defending China (1985) 140-157
Alfred Low The Sino-Soviet Dispute (1976) 69-198
Allen Whiting, China's Calculus of Deterrence 1-162
Donald Zagoria, The Sino-Soviet Conflict, 1956-1961.
G.F. Hudson et al, The Sino-Soviet Dispute.
J.D. Armstrong Revolutionary Diplomacy esp. chapter 3-7
Tang Tsou and Morton Halpern "Mao Tse-tung's Revolutionary Strategy and Peking's International Behavior. American Political Science Review. (March 1965) 80-99.
John Gittings Survey of the Sino-Soviet Dispute.
John Gittings The World and China, 1922-1972. (1974) 236-259
October 17: 1958-1964: Societal/Cultural Explanations: Identity and Role Theory
REQUIRED
Yaacov Vertzberger The World In Their Minds: Information Processing, Cognition and Perception in Foreign Policy Decisionmaking (1990) 282-295 *
RECOMMENDED
Shih Chih-yu "National Role Conception as Foreign Policy Motivation." Political Psychology 9:4 (1988) 599-629
Shih Chih-yu, The Spirit of Chinese Foreign Policy.
Shih Chih-yu, China's Just World: The Morality of Chinese Foreign Policy. (1993) pp.29-60.
Yaacov Vertzberger "Foreign Policy Decisionmakers as Practical Intuitive Historians: Applied History and its Shortcomings." International Studies Quarterly. (1986) 223-247.
Kal Holsti "Toward a Theory of Foreign Policy: Making the Case for Role Analysis." in Stephen Walker ed., Role Theory and Foreign Policy Analysis. (1978) 5-43
October 19: 1965-1969: The Cultural Revolution and 'Deviant' Foreign Policy
REQUIRED
Michael Yahuda China's Role in the World (1978) 190-211 *
Li Jie, "Changes in China's Domestic Situation in the 1960s and Sino-US Relations" in Robert S. Ross and Jiang Changbin, eds., Re-examining the Cold War, US-China Diplomacy 1964-1973 (Harvard 2001) pp.288-320 *
Peter Van Ness, Revolution and China's Foreign Policy (1972) 201-252*
RECOMMENDED
William Griffith Sino-Soviet Relations 1964-1965 11-143
Gerald Segal Defending China 176-196
Thomas Robinson "China Confronts the Soviet Union: Warfare and Diplomacy China's Inner Asian Frontiers." Cambridge History of China (1992) 218-301
Richard Wich Sino-Soviet Crisis Politics: A Study of Political Change and Communication
J.D. Armstrong, Revolutionary Diplomacy 90-113
Alan Hutchison China's African Revolution
Uri Ra'anan "Peking's Foreign Policy 'Debate', 1965-1966" in Tang Tsou ed., China in Crisis vol.2 23-72.
Donald Zagoria, "The Strategic Debate in China." in Tang Tsou ed., China in Crisis vol.2 237-268)
Michael Yahuda "Kremlinology and the Chinese Strategic Debate." China Quarterly. (January-March 1972) 32-74.
<>Rober Sutter, China Watch 63-82.
October 24: 1965-1969, Idiosyncratic Explanations: Mao's personality and ideologyREQUIRED
Samuel S. Kim, "The Maoist Image of World Order" in Samuel S. Kim, China, The United Nations and World Order (Princeton University Press, 1979) pp.49-93 *
RECOMMENDED
Yaacov Vertzberger The World In Their Minds: Information Processing, Cognition and Perception in Foreign Policy Decisionmaking 111- 191
Lloyd Jensen Explaining Foreign Policy (1982) 13-44
Lucian Pye, Mao Tse-tung, the Man in the Leader (1976)
John Bryan Starr, Continuing the Revolution: The Political Thought of Mao (1979)
Li Zhisui, The Private Life of Chairman Mao (1994)
Alastair Iain Johnston, "Cultural Realism and Strategy in Maoist China" in Peter Katzenstein ed., The Culture of National Security (1996)
Michael Yahuda Toward the End of Isolation: China's Foreign Policy After Mao (1983) pp.81-122
October 26: 1969-1976, Sino-US Normalization, Anti-Sovietism and Foreign PolicyREQUIRED
Robert Ross, Negotiating Cooperation 16-91, 265-269
Four Marshal's report, "Our Views About the Current Situation" (excerpt 1, July 11, 1969) (excerpt 2, September 17, 1969) pp.166-168 and pp.170-171
RECOMMENDED
Robert Ross, "International Bargaining and Domestic Politics: US-China Relations since 1972." World Politics 38:2 (June 1986) 255-287
Henry Kissinger The White House Years. 163-194, 684-732, 1049-1123
Burr, William ed., The Kissinger Transcripts: The Top- Secret Talks with Beijing and Moscow (1999)
Samuel Kim China, The United Nations and World Order 97-241
Gong Li, "Chinese Decision Making and the Thawing of US-China Relations" in Robert S. Ross and Jiang Changbin, eds., Re-examining the Cold War, US-China Diplomacy 1964-1973 (Harvard 2001) pp.321-360
"Kunming Documents" in K.C. Chen ed., China and the Three Worlds 143-173
Kenneth Lieberthal Sino-Soviet Conflict in the 1970s: Its Evolution and Implications for the Strategic Triangle. (1978)
John Garver China's Decision for Rapprochment with the United States, 1968-1971.
October 31: 1969-1976: A Return to Systemic Explanations
REQUIRED
Lowell Dittmer Sino-Soviet Normalizations (1992) 194-206 *
Michael Ng Quinn, "The Effects of Bipolarity on Chinese Foreign Policy." Survey 26:2 (1982) esp. 116-130 * [CUT?]
RECOMMENDED
James Hsiung, "Sino-US Soviet Relations in Triadic Perspective" in James Hsiung ed.,Beyond China's Independent Foreign Policy (1985) 107-131
Joshua Goldstein and Jonathan Freedman, Three-way Street; Strategic Reciprocity in World Politics. 1-84
Robert Ross ed., China, The United States, and the Soviet Union: Tripolarity and Policymaking in the Cold War. (1993)
November 2: 1976-1981, The Evolution of Post-Mao Foreign Policy
REQUIRED
Robert Ross, Negotiating Cooperation 92-162, 269-270
Michael Yahuda Toward the End of Isolation: China's Foreign Policy After Mao (1983) 167-236 *
Samuel Kim ""Whither Post-Mao Chinese Global Policy." International Organization. (Summer 1981) 433-465 (web page)
Andrew Scobell, "Half-Hearted Coercive Diplomacy: China's 1979 Attack on Vietnam" in Explaining China's Use of Force: Beyond the Great Wall and the Long March (Cambridge 2003) *
RECOMMENDED
Takashi Shinoba, "China's Bilateral Treaties 1973-1982: A Quantitative Study." International Studies Quarterly" 31:4 (1987)
Huan Xiang "On Sino-US Relations." Foreign Affairs 60:1 (Fall 1980)
Robert Ross "International Bargaining and Domestic Politics" World Politics (June 1986) 255-287
Harlan Jencks "China's Punitive War on Vietnam." Asian Survey 19:8 (August 1979)
November 7: 1976-1981, Political and Factional Explanations
REQUIRED
Joe D. Hagan "Domestic Political Regime Change and Foreign Policy Restructing" in Jerel Rosati, Joe Hagan and Martin Sampson III eds., Foreign Policy Restructing: How Governments Respond to Global Change. (1994) 138-163 * [CUT?]
Kenneth Lieberthal, "Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy" in Harding, China’s Foreign Policy in the 1980s (1984) 43-70 *
RECOMMENDEDKenneth Lieberthal Governing China: From Revolution Through Reform (Norton, 1995)
Kenneth Lieberthal and Michel Oksenberg, Policymaking in China: Leaders, Structures, and Processes (Princeton, 1988)
Carol Hamrin, "Elite Politics and the Development of China's Foreign Relations" in Robinson and Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice 70-109.
Robert Putnam, "Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-level Games" in International Organization 42 (Summer 1988) 427-460
Robert Ross "Succession Politics and Post-Mao Foreign Policy" in June Dreyer ed., Chinese Defense and Foreign Policy esp. 27-43
Robert Ross "From Lin Biao to Deng Xiaoping: Elite Instability and China's US Policy" The China Quarterly 118 (June 1989) 265-299
Susan Shirk, "Domestic Dimensions of China's Foreign Economic Relations." Samuel Kim ed., China and the World (1st edition) 57-81
Lucian Pye, The Dynamics of Chinese Politics
Andrew Nathan "A Factionalism Model for CCP Politics." The China Quarterly No. 53 (January/March 1973) 34-66
David Bachman, "Domestic Sources of Chinese Foreign Policy" in Samuel Kim, ed., China and the World (3rd edition) 42-59
November 9: 1982-1989 Peace, Development, and the 'Independent' Line in Chinese Foreign Policy
REQUIRED
Robert Ross, Negotiating Cooperation 163-245, 271-272
Samuel Kim "China and the Third World" in Samuel Kim, China and the World (1989) (2nd edition) 148-178*
William Feeney "Chinese Policy Towards Multilateral Economic Institutions." in Samuel Kim China and The World (1989) (2nd edition) 237-263*
Alastair Iain Johnston, "Learning versus Adaptation: Explaining Change in Chinese Arms Control Policy in the 1980s and 1990s" The China Journal No. 35 (January 1996) 27-61 (web page)
RECOMMENDED
Michel Oksenberg, "China's Confident Nationalism" Foreign Affairs (1987) 501- 523
Lowell Dittmer, Sino-Soviet Normalization 217-247
Thomas Robinson, "Interdependence in China's Foreign Relations" in Samuel Kim, China and the World (3rd edition) 187-201
Carol Hamrin "China Reassesses the Superpowers." Pacific Affairs (1992) 209-231
Samuel Ho and Ralph Huenemann China's Open Door Policy: The Quest for Foreign Technology and Capital.(1984)
Denis Fred Simon, "The Changing Role of Science and Technology." Samuel Kim, China and the World (2nd edition) pp. 264-293
Jia Qingguo "China's Foreign Economic Policy." in Hao Yufan and Huan GuocangThe Chinese View of the World, 59-76
Robert Sutter Chinese Foreign Policy: Developments After Mao chp 8-9
Robert Ross "China Learns To Compromise: Change in US-China Relations, 1982- 1984." The China Quarterly. (1991) 742-773
Stephen J. Uhalley, ed., Sino-Soviet Documents Annual, 1989: Relations Restored. (1993)
Nicholas Lardy, "Chinese Foreign Trade." The China Quarterly. (December 1992) 691-720
Carol Hamrin, China and the Challenge of the Future. (1990)
Alastair Iain Johnston China and Arms Control (Ottawa, Canadian Center for Arms Control and Disarmament, Aurora Papers, 1986)
Alastair Iain Johnston "China Enters the Arms Control Arena." Arms Control Today (July/August 1987)
November 14: 1982-1989, Interactive Domestic-International Explanations
REQUIRED
Peter Gourevitch "The Second Image Reversed: The International Sources of Domestic Policy." International Organization 32:4 (1978) 881-912. (web page)
David Zweig, "Explaining Internationalization: Chanels, Resources, and Fevers", Internationalizing China: Domestic Interests and Global Linkages (Cornell University Press, 2002) pp.23-48 [WHERE IS THIS?]
RECOMMENDED
David Zweig, Internationalizing China: Domestic Interests and Global Linkages (Cornell 2002)
Thomas Moore, China in the World Market: Chinese Industriy and the International Sources of Reform in the Post-Mao Era (Cambridge 2001)
Barry Naughton, "The Foreign Policy Implications of China's Development Strategy" in Robinson and Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice 47-69
Wendy Frieman "International Science and Technology and Chinese Foreign Policy" in Robinson and Shambaugh eds., Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice 158-193
Bruce E. Moon "Political Economy Aproaches to the Comparative Study of Foreign Policy" in Charles Hermann et al New Directions in Foreign Policy (1987) 33-51
Bruce Cumings, "The Political Economy of China's Turn Outward" in Samuel Kim, China and the World (1989) (2nd edition) 203-236
November 16: 1989-1995, Foreign Policy after Tiananmen I: Breakout from Isolation
REQUIRED
Samuel Kim "Peking's Foreign Policy in the Shadows of Tiananmen" Issues and Studies 27:1 (1991) 39-69 *
Jiang Zemin, 14th Party Congress political report, section on foreign policy, China Daily (October 21, 1992) *
RECOMMENDED
Samuel Kim China in and Out of the Changing World Order (Princeton, 1991)
Andrew J. Nathan and Robert S. Ross, The Great Wall and the Empty Fortress: China's Search for Security (New York 1997)
William Feeney, "China and the Multilateral Economic Institutions" Samuel Kim ed., China and the World (3rd edition) 227-251
John Garver "China and the New World Order." in China Briefing 1992 (1993) 55-80 *
John Garver, "The Chinese Communist Party and the Collapse of Soviet Communism." The China Quarterly. 133 (March 1993) 1-26
Xiangming Chen "China's Growing Integration with the Asia-Pacific Economy" in Arif Dirlik ed., What's in a Rim? Critical Perspectivces on the Pacific Region Idea 89-119
David Shambaugh, "China's Foreign Policy Connundum since Tiananmen," Issues and Studies(November 1992) 67-8
Guocang Huan "China's Foreign Economic Relations. " Annals (January 1992) 176- 190
Yoichi Funabashi et al., An Emerging China in a World of Interdependence (Trilateral Commission 1994)
November 21: 1995-2005: Foreign Policy After Tiananmen II: The Taiwan QuestionREQUIRED
Michel Oksenberg, "Taiwan, Tibet and HK in Sino-US Relations" in Ezra Vogel ed., Living with China (Norton 1997) *
[Tom's Washington Quarterly piece?]
RECOMMENDED
Chong-pin Lin, "Beijing and Taipei: Dialectics in Post-Tiananmen Interactions" in David Shambaugh ed., Greater China 118-152
Steven Goldstein and Randall Schriver, An Uncertain Relationship: The United States, Taiwan and the Taiwan Relations Act" The China Quarterly, Volume 165 (March 2001) pp.147-172
Harry Harding, "The Concept of 'Greater China': Themes, Variations and Reservations in David Shambaugh ed., Greater China 8-35
Evan A. Feigenbaum, Change in Taiwan and Potential Adversity in the Strait(Rand Corporation 1995)
Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, David Newman and Alvin Rabushka, Red Flag Over Hong Kong (1996)
David S.G. Goodman and Gerald Segal, China Deconstructs: Politics, Trade and Regionalism (1994)
Alastair Iain Johnston "Independence Through Unification: On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Across the Taiwan Straits" Contemporary Issues (Harvard, Fairbank Center for East Asian Studies) No. 2 (September 1993)
James Hsiung, "Sino-US Soviet Relations in Triadic Perspective" in James Hsiung ed.,Beyond China's Independent Foreign Policy (1985) 107-131 *
Jane Khanna ed., Southern China, Hong Kong and Taiwan (1995)
Brian Hook, "Political Change in Hong Kong" in David Shambaugh ed., Greater China 118-211
Bernice Lee, "The Security Implications of the New Taiwan" Adelphi Papers No.331 (1999)
November 23: 1989-2005: Foreign Policy After Tiananmen III: China's Integration into Global Institutions
REQUIRED
Margaret M. Pearson, "The Major Multilateral Economic Institutions Enage China" in Alastair Iain Johnston and Robert S. Ross eds., Engaging China: The Management of an Emerging Power (London: Routledge Press, 1999) pp.207-234 *
Alastair Iain Johnston and Paul Evans, “China’s Engagement in International Security Institutions” (with Paul Evans), in Alastair Iain Johnston and Robert S. Ross eds., Engaging China: The Management of an Emerging Power (London: Routledge Press, 1999) pp.235-272 *
[CHAPTER FROM DREZNER? OR FRAVEL AND MEDEIROS?]
RECOMMENDED
Elizabeth Economy and Michel Oksenberg eds., China Joins the World: Progress and Prospects (Council on Foreign Relations, 1999)
Thomas Moore, China in the World Market (Cambridge 2002)
Banning Garrett and Bonnie Glaser "Chinese Perspectives on Nuclear Arms Control" International Security 20:3 (Winter 1995/6) 43-78
Lisbeth Gronlund, David Wright and Yong Liu, "China and a Fissile Material Production Cutoff" Survival 37:4 (Winter 1995/6) pp.147-167
Alastair I. Johnston "China and Arms Control in the Asia-Pacific Region." in Frank Langdon and Douglas Ross ed., Superpower Maritime Strategy in the Pacific (1990) 173-204
Alastair Iain Johnston, "The Myth of the ASEAN Way? Explaining the Evolution of the ASEAN Regional Forum" in Helga Haftendorn et al., ed., Imperfect Unions: Security Institutions over Time and Space (Oxford 1999)
Banning Garrett and Bonnie Glaser, "Multilateral Security in the Asia-Pacific Region and its Impact on Chinese Interests: Views from Beijing" Contemporary Southeast Asia 16:1 (June 1994) 14-34.
R. Bates Gill Chinese Arms Transfers: Purposes, Patterns and Prospects in the New World Order.
Samuel Kim "Reviving International Law in China's Foreign Relations"in June Teufel Dreyer. ed., Chinese Defense and Foreign Policy (Paragon House 1989) pp. 87-134
Samuel Kim China, the United Nations and World Order 242-470
Samuel Kim, "Thinking Globally in Post-Mao China." Journal of Peace Research 27:2 (1990) 191-209
Samuel Kim "China's International Organization Behavior" in Shambaugh And Robinson eds., Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice 401-434
Andrew Nathan, "China and the International Human Rights Regime" in Elizabeth Economy and Michael Oksenberg eds., China Joins the World (Council on Foreign Relations, 1999) pp.136-159
Ann Kent, China, The United Nations and Human Rights (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999)
James Seymour, "Human Rights in China's Foreign Relations" in Samuel Kim ed., China and the World (3rd edition) 202-225
Gerald Chan, China and International Organizations: Participation in Non-Governmental Organizations Since 1971.
Hungdah Chiu "China's Attitude Toward International Law in the Post-Mao Era, 1978- 1988." Occasional Papers in Contemporary Asian Studies. No.1-- 1989 (94).
Hungdah Chiu "Chinese Attitudes Towards International Law on Human Rights in Post Mao China." Occasional Papers in Contemporary Asian Studies. No.1--1988 (84)
Andrew J. Nathan "Human Rights in Chinese Foreign Policy" The China Quarterly 139 (September 1994) 622-643.
Elizabeth Economy, "China's International Environmental Diplomacy" in Samuel S. Kim, ed., China and the World (4th edition)(Westview 1999)
Alastair Iain Johnston, "China and International Environmental Institutions; A Decision Rule Analysis" in Michael McElroy et al eds., Energizing China: Reconciling Environmental Protection and Economic Growth (Harvard University Press, 1998) pp.555-599
Cai Shouqiu and Mark Voigts, "The Development of China's Environmental Diplomacy" Pacific Rim Law and Policy Journal. Vol.3 (1993) pp.17-42
Lester Ross, "China and Environmental Protection" in Elizabeth Economy and Michael Oksenberg eds., China Joins the World (Council on Foreign Relations, 1999)
Abram Chayes and Charlotte Kim "China and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change" in Michael McElroy et al eds., Energizing China: Reconciling Environmental Protection and Economic Growth (Harvard University Press, 1998)pp.503-531
Michel Oksenberg and Elizabeth Economy on China's compliance with environmental treaties in Harold K. Jacobson , Edith B. Weiss eds., Engaging Countries Strengthening Compliance with International Environmental Accords (MIT Press 2000)
State Council, China's Agenda 21: White Paper on China's Population, Environment and Development in the 21st Century. (Beijing 1994)
Economy, Elizabeth Negotiating the Terrain of Global Climate Change Policy in the Soviet Union and China: Linking International and Domestic Decisionmaking Pathways(University of Michigan PhD dissertation, 1994)
Bates Gill and James Reilly, "Sovereignty, Intervention and Peacekeeping: The View from Beijing," Survival 42(3) (Autumn 2000): 42-59.
November 28: 1989-2000, Identities and Belief Systems as Explanations
REQUIRED
Rawi Abdelal et al., "Identity as a Variable" (May 2003) pp.1-15
Thomas J. Christensen "Chinese Realpolitik" Foreign Affairs 75:5 (September/October 1996) 37-52*
RECOMMENDED
David Shambaugh, Beautiful Imperialist
Robert Jervis, Perception and Misperception in International Politics
Lloyd Jansen Explaining Foreign Policy 71-105
Steven Levine, "Perception and Ideology in Chinese Foreign Policy" in Shambaugh and Robinson eds., Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice. 30-46.
Wang Jianwei and Lin Zhimin, "Chinese Perceptions in the Post-Cold War Era" Asian Survey 32:10 (October 1992) 902-917
Jeremy Barme, "To Screw Foreigners is Patriotic" The China Journal No. 34 (July 1994)
Allen Carlson, Constructing a New Great Wall Chinese Foreign Policy and the Norm of State Sovereignty (Yale University PhD 2000)
November 30: Foreign Policy Process
REQUIRED
Lu Ning, "The Central Leadership, Supraministry Coordinating Bodies, State Council Ministries and Party Departments" in David M. Lampton ed., The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy (Stanford University Press, 2001) pp.39-60 *
Joseph Fewsmith and Stanley Rosen, "The Domestic Context of Chinese Foreign Policy: Does Public Opinion Matter?" in David M. Lampton ed., The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy (Stanford University Press, 2001) pp.151-187 *
Elizabeth Economy, "The Impact of International Regimes on Chinese Foreign Policy-Making" David M. Lampton ed., The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy (Stanford University Press, 2001) pp.230-253. *
ADD IN THE THINK TANKS STUFF FROM CQ?
RECOMMENDED
Graham Allison, "Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis." American Political Science Review. 63 (1969) 689-718.
Jonathan Bendor and Thomas Hammond, "Rethinking Allison's Models." American Political Science Review. 86:2 (June 1992) 301-322.
Lloyd Jensen, Explaining Foreign Policy 107-156
Michael W. Swaine, The Role of the Chinese Military in National Security Policymaking (Rand Corporation 1996)
Michel Oksenberg, "Policy Making Under Mao Tse-tung." China Quarterly (1971) 323-360
Donald Klein, "Peking's Evolving Ministry of Foreign Affairs." China Quarterly. No.4 (October-December 1960) 28-39.
A. Doak Barnett, The Making of Foreign Policy in China: Structure and Process (1985)
Zhao Quansheng "Domestic Factors of Chinese Foreign Policy: From Vertical to Horizontal Authoriarianism." Annals (January 1992) 158-175
Shaun Breslin "The Foreign Policy Bureaucracy" in Gerald Segal ed., Chinese Politics and Foreign Policy Reform 115-134
Lu Ning, The Dynamics of Foreign Policy Decisionmaking in China (Boulder 2000) 106-135
Peter Ferdinand "Regionalism" in Gerald Segal ed., Chinese Politics and Foreign Policy Reform 135-158
Gaye Chrisofferson, "Xinjiang and the Great Islamic Circle: The Impact of Transnational Forces on Chinese Regional Economic Planning." The China Quarterly. 133 (March 1993) pp.130-151
David Shambaugh, "China's National Security Research Bureaucracy" The China Quarterly. No. 110 (June 1987) 276-304
Harold Jacobson and Michael Oksenberg, China and Keystone International Economic Organizations. (Michigan 1990)
The China Quarterly, No. 171 (September 2002) (articles by Shambaugh, Glaser, Gill et al on think tanks and foreign policy)
December 5: Conflict Behavior
REQUIRED
Alastair Iain Johnston "China's Military Interstate Dispute Behavior: A First Cut at the Data" The China Quarterly (March 1998) *
RECOMMENDED
Ellis Joffe "People's War Under Modern Conditions" China Quarterly(December 1987) 555-571
Paul Godwin "China's Military Strategy Revisited: Local and Limited Wars." Annals (January 1992) 191-120
Paul Godwin "Changing Concepts of Doctrine, Strategy and Operations" China Quarterly (December 1987) 572-590
Chong-pin Lin China's Nuclear Weapons Strategy (1988)
Alastair Iain Johnston "China's New 'Old Thinking': The Concept of Limited Deterrence" International Security 20:3 (Winter 1995/6) 5-42
Avery Goldstein, Deterrence and Security in the 21st Century: China, Britain, France and the Enduring Legacy of the Nuclear Revolution (Stanford 2000)
Allen Whiting "The Use of Force in Foreign Policy by the Peoples' Republic of China" Annals (1972) 55-65
Shao Chuan Leng "Arms Control and Disarmament in Chinese Global Policy." in James Hsiung and Samuel S. Kim eds.,China in the Global Community. 164-186
Gerald Segal, Defending China (1985)
Harvey Nelsen "Continuity and Change in Chinese Strategic Deterrence." in June Dreyer ed., Chinese Defense and Foreign Policy (Paragon 1988) 239-268
Zhang Shuguang, Deterrence and Strategic Culture: Chinese-American Confrontations, 1949-1958.(1992)
Melvin Gurtov and Hwang China Under Threat: The Politics and Strategy of Diplomacy. (1980)
Andres Onate, "The Conflict Interactions of the People's Republic of China, 1950- 1970." Journal of Conflict Resolution 18:4 (December 1974) 578-594
Jonathan Adelman and Shih Chih-yu, Symbolic War: The Chinese Use of Force, 1840-1980. (1993).
Thomas J. Christensen, Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobilization and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958(Princeton 1996)
John Garver, "China's Push Through the South China Sea: The Interaction of Bureaucratic and National Interests." China Quarterly. 132 (December 1992)
Richard Solomon, Chinese Negotiating Behavior: Pursuing Interests Through 'Old Friends' (USIP Press, 1999)
Michael Pillsbury, China Debates the Future International Environment (National Defense University, 2000)
Nan Li "The PLA's Evolving Campaign Doctrine and Strategies" in The People's Liberation Army in the Information Age, (Santa Monica: RAND 2000)
James C. Mulvenon and Andrew N.D Yang, eds., Seeking Truth from Facts: A Retrospective on Chinese Military Studies in the Post-Mao Era. (RAND 2001)
December 7: China and Global Order Issues I, Non-Proliferation, and Terrorism
REQUIRED
Chien-Peng Chung, "China's 'War on Terror': September 11 and Uighur Separatism" Foreign Affairs (July/August 2002) * [ANYTHING BETTER?]
RECOMMENDED
Gary Milhollin, "Testimony Before the U.S.-China Security Review Commission" (October 12, 2001)
Carnegie Endowment For Peace web page on China's non-proliferation policies and behavior.
Nuclear Threat Initiative web page on China's non-proliferation policies and behavior.
December 12: China and Global Order Issues II: The World Trade SystemREQUIRED
Summary of US-China Bilateral WTO Agreement.
Joseph Fewsmith, "China and the WTO: The Politics Behind the Agreement" (NBR Report, November 1999)
RECOMMENDED
Nicholas Lardy, Integrating China into the Global Economy (Brookings Institution 2002)
US-China Business Council, web page on the WTO and China.
Margaret M. Pearson, "The Case of China's Accession to GATT/WTO" in David M. Lampton ed., The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Reform Era (Stanford, 2001)
Frederick M. Abbott, "Reflection Paper on China in the World Trading System: Defining the Principles of Engagement" in Frederick M. Abbott ed., China in the World Trading System: Defining the Principles of Engagement (1998)
Peter Drysdale and Ligang Song, eds., China's Entry into the WTO: Strategic Issues and Quantitative Assessments (Routledge, 2000)
Current news articles on China and the WTO.
National Bureau of Asian Research, "China's WTO Accession: The Road to Implemention" (November 2002)
December 17: AVAILABLE. China and global order: demographics, environment, etc
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December 19: SummaryREQUIRED
Alastair Iain Johnston, "Is China a Status Quo Power?" International Security 27:4 (Spring 2003) (web page)
Aaron Friedberg, "11 September and the Future of Sino-American Relations", Survival, 44:1 (Spring 2002) (web page)
APPENDIX: Selected List of Sources for Studying Chinese Foreign Policy
Maps
The Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, University of Texas
Chinese foreign policy-related web pages:
Center for Nonproliferation Studies, China Database
US-China Security Review Commission.
US CIA, National Intelligence Council (has China-related conference reports)
United States State Department, Bureau of East Asia and Pacific Affairs
US Trade Representative, office on China, HK, Mongolia and Taiwan
US DoD: Asia Pacific Center for Security Studies.
National Defense University, Center for Chinese Military Studies.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Chinese)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (English)
State Council Information office White Papers
Peoples Daily (Communist Party central newspaper) online:
(Harvard Yanjing library has 1947-2000 on CD-ROM)Peoples Liberation Army Daily
(Harvard Yanjing library has 1947-2000 on CD-ROM)Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Asia Pacific Institute, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Chinese Military Power web page
Center for North Pacific Studies (Brookings Institution)
Council on Security Cooperation in Asia-Pacific
The Stimson Center China Project
Federation of American Scientists, China page
Federation of American Scientists, Taiwan crisis page
National Security Archive, China and the Bomb project
National Security Archive, Sino-US relations project
National Security Archive: Kissinger’s Secret Trip to Beijing, 1971
Cold War International History Project
National Bureau of Research, Strategic Asia
China Data Center (University of Michigan)
Foreign Broadcast Information Service translations can be found in HOLLIS e-resources under "World NewsConnection"
Xinhua English reports can be found in HOLLIS e-resources under "Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe"
Search for English language scholarly articles on China in HOLLIS e-resources under "Social Science Citation Index"
China Academic Journals database (online Chinese language journals, can be found in Hollis under e-journals)
China in Asia-Pacific IR:
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Pacific Economic Cooperation Council
Economic data:
CIA Handbook on International Economic Statistics
World Bank: World Development Report; and World Bank Group data
UN Development Program Human Development Indicators
Interstate Relations Data:
Correlates of War project (including Militarized Interstate Disputes data set)
Protocol for the Assessment of Nonviolent Direct Action data set
International Crisis Behavior Project
Kansas Events Data set project
Non-electronic Bibliographical Material
Bibliographies And Source Collections
Association for Asian Studies, Bibliography of Asian Studies, 1970 --
Association for Asian Studies, Doctoral Dissertations on Asia
China Acktuell "PRC Official Activities and Monthly Bibliography."
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Information China, 3 vol.s (1988)
Hinton, Harold ed., The People's Republic of China, 1949-1979: A Documentary Survey. 5 vols. (1980); 1979-1984, 2 vols. (1986)
Lieberthal, Kenneth and Bruce Dickson, A Research Guide to Central Meetings in China, 1949-1986 (1989)
Lieberthal, Kenneth ed., A Research Guide to Central Documents and Politburo Politics.
Oksenberg, Michel "Politics Takes Command: An Essay on the Study of Post-1949 China." Cambridge History of China. Vol. 14
Dial, Roger ed., Studies on Chinese External Affairs: An Instructional Bibliography of Commonwealth and American Literature. (1973)
Kim, Samuel S. ed., China and the World: (1984, 1989, 1994, 1999) "Bibliography"
Biographical Sources
William Bartke Who's Who in the PRC, (3rd edition), 1991
William Bartke Biographical Dictionary and Analysis of China's Party Leadership
Central Intelligence Agency, Directory of Officials and Organizations
Government Documents (available from the Government Documents Library, Lamont Library)
United Nations documents
UNDOC: United Nations Documents Index, 1946 --
Index to Proceedings: contains separate indexes for the General Assembly, Security Council and other UN committees.
United Nations, Optical Disk System, an online document search service (see the Government Documents librarian for signing-on)
US Government documents
United States Government Printing Office Monthly Catalogue
National Foreign Assessment Center (Directorate of Intelligence)
Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress
Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS)
Periodicals
Asia and China Related:
American Asian Review
Asian Pacific Economic Literature (Australia)
Asian Perspectives (S. Korea)
Asian Security
Asian Survey
Asian Wall Street Journal
Asiaweek
Beijing Review (China)
CCP Research Newsletter
China Business Review
China Daily (China)
China Economic Review
China Information
China Journal (formerly the Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs)
China News Analysis
China News Letter (Japan/ Japan External Trade Organization)
China Quarterly
China Reconstructs (China)
China's Foreign Trade (China)
Chinese Historian
Contemporary China
Contemporary International Relations (China, in English)
Current History
East Asia Review (S. Korea)
Far Eastern Economic Review (Hong Kong)
Far Eastern Affairs (Soviet Union/Russia)
Inside Mainland China (Taiwan)
Issues and Studies (Taiwan)
Japan Quarterly
Journal of American-East Asian Relations
Journal of East Asian Affairs (S. Korea)
Journal of Northeast Asian Affairs
Modern China
Pacific Affairs
Pacific Review
Problems of Communism (Problems of Post-Communism)
Social Sciences in China (China, in English)
South China Morning Post (Hong Kong)
Strategic Studies (China, in English)
Strategy and Management (China, in English)
Studies in Comparative Communism
The Journal of Contemporary China
Xiandai guoji guanxi (Contemporary International Relations)
Shijie jingji yu zhengzhi (World Economics and Politics)
Guoji wenti yanjiu (International Studies)
Meiguo yanjiu (American studies)
Guoji zhanlue yanjiu (International Strategic Studies)
Zhongguo junshi kexue (Chinese Military Sciences)
Dangdai Ya-Tai (Contemporary Asia-Pacific)
Zhanlue yu guanli (Strategy and Management)
Taipingyang Xuebao (Pacific Journal)
International Relations Related (sometimes have China-related articles)
Adelphi Papers
American Political Science Review
Comparative Strategy
Conflict Management and Peace Science
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Policy
International Affairs (London)
International Interactions
International Organizations
International Security
International Studies Notes
International Studies Quarterly
Journal of Conflict Resolution
Orbis
Security Studies
Survival
World Politics
Statistical Sources (foreign trade, military capabilities etc.)
Far Eastern Economic Review Yearbook, 1960 --
State Statistical Bureau, Statistical Yearbook of China, 1981 --
World Bank, China: Long-term Development and Options 8 vols. (1985)
Xue Muqiao ed., Almanac of China's Economy, 1981 --
International Institute for Strategic Studies, Military Balance (annual)
International Institute for Strategic Studies, Strategic Survey (annual)
SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute) Yearbook
United Nations Development Program Human Development Report (annual)
Translations of Chinese Materials (many available at the Fairbank Center Library)
Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS), 1941 -- (more recent years available online in HOLLIS under "World News Service"
Newsbank Index to FBIS, 1975 -- (online)
Joint Publications Research Service (JPRS), 1957 -- (online)
China Report
China Report: Science and Technology
Summary of World Broadcasts (SWB): The Far East, 1939 -- (BBC monitoring service)
Summary of World Broadcasts: Weekly Economic Report
SWB Index, 1989 --
China Daily, 1981 --
Beijing Review, 1958 --; formerly People's China, 1949-1957
M.E. Sharpe Publications
Chinese Law and Government
Chinese Economic Studies
Chinese Studies in History
US Consulate-General (Hong Kong)
Survey of PRC Press (formerly Survey of China Mainland Press SCMP), 1950-1977
Survey of PRC Magazines (formerly Survey of China Mainland Magazines SCMM), 1955- 1977
Current Background, 1950-1977
Supplement to SCMP and SCMM, 1960-1973
Index to SCMP, SCMM and Current Background, 1956-1977