I. Introduction

Presenters at the Harvard Celtic Colloquium (HCC) are invited to submit their papers for consideration for publication in the corresponding volume of The Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium (PHCC). Typically, articles to be considered for publication should be submitted by the end of the calendar year.

PHCC is edited by graduate students in the Department of Celtic Languages and Literatures, Harvard University. The production of PHCC is through JKD Publishing in Cambridge, MA. Distribution is through Harvard University Press.

To facilitate publication, contributors are asked to utilize these guidelines when preparing their articles for submission to PHCC. For conventions not specified by the guidelines, the editors recommend those given in the Chicago Manual of Style but will give due consideration to authorial preference. Decisions by the PHCC editorial board, however, are final.

II. Consideration of articles for publication

Before the consideration of an article may proceed, the following are required:

A. Contributor contact information

1. In most cases, communication between editors and contributors is through email, but a full mailing address and telephone number are also required. This information is used only by the PHCC office and the Celtic Department of Harvard University. It will not be given out to other Harvard departments, public entities or private individuals without express permission.

2. Contributors should notify PHCC of any changes to this information. Contributors are entitled to a complimentary copy of the volume in which their work appears, but, if contact has been lost, PHCC will not exercise undue effort to locate these contributors.

B. Electronic copies of the proposed article

1. Submissions are accepted only as Microsoft Word documents, and no substitutions are considered without prior agreement. Formatting must be in the normal template with only basic formatting, e.g. references as numbered footnotes, left alignment of text. A blank line should be left between paragraphs. Tab indents or headers and footers should not be used. Titles and subheadings should be set on separate lines, but special fonts or highlighted settings are not acceptable. If special or custom fonts or alphabets areneeded, the editors reserve the right to substitute a more compatible font or alphabet for publication. Articles should not be paginated in the computer file (in distinction to the hard copy: see below).

2. If the article includes diagrams, maps, illustrations, charts, tables or images, their correct placement should be indicated in the document text and the image(s) sent as separate files; for pictures and photographs, .jpeg or .tif files, 300 dsi [dots per square inch]. Additional .pdf files may be sent to show the proper layout of images and text, as ancillary reference for the editors, but electronic submissions will not be accepted in .pdf format exclusively.

3. The above mentioned files should be sent as email attachments to phcc@fas.harvard.edu.

C. Paper copy

1. A paper copy of each article submitted is required in addition to the electronic copy. The paper copy should be paginated (in distinction to the electronic copy: see above). The paper copy is used to amend computer files corrupted in transmission and to verify authorial intent in the placement and display of images and diagrams.

2. Paper copies of separate files for charts, appendices, diagrams, etc. are also required.

D. Permission and copyright

1. Contributors must indicate clearly all use of materials and translations not of their own authorship. Contributors are responsible for securing any necessary copyright or other permission for material used in articles., and must notify the editors of PHCC if these arrangements have not been finalized prior to submission of the article. An article will be dropped if all such arrangements are not concluded in a timely manner.

2. When articles have been edited, authors will be notified of any significant editorial changes and asked to sign a form granting permission to publish. Prior to the receipt of a signed permission form by the PHCC office, contributors retain full control over their articles, including the right to publication elsewhere.

III. Footnotes

PHCC uses footnotes for text references. Footnotes are to be indicated by superscript Arabic numbers in the appropriate locations, usually at the end of sentences or quotations. To reduce the number of notes, more than one source may be cited in a single reference as long as it is clear which source pertains to which portion of the text.

A. Footnotes may be in either long or short form.

1. In long form, full information is provided in the first citation, followed by an abbreviated form cited thereafter and providing any other necessary information. Example:
   

   Ifor Williams, Canu Aneirin (Caerdydd: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, 1978), 56:1425-30. Hereafter cited as CA, references are to page and line(s). All translations are by the author unless otherwise cited.

2. In short form, a full bibliography is to be appended to the article and an abbreviated form of the bibliographic entry used for the footnotes. If only one work by an author is used, the abbreviated form may use the author’s name alone, e.g. Ford, 97; but if several works by the same author are cited, the short form should include both the author’s name and a short title, e.g. Ford, Mabinogi, 97 or date of publication, e.g. Ford, 1977:97. If two or more authors with the same surname are listed in the bibliography, they should be distinguished in the short forms, e.g. Patrick Ford, or P.K. Ford.

B. Electronic citations

Web sites, blogs, electronic lists and other Internet sites are subject to updates, and are not always permanently accessible. Footnote references must fully identify the nature of the site (blog, webpage, list archive); its owner/poster/proprietor; give a URL or other locator; and include the date upon which the reference was accessed by the author.

IV. Poetic verse citations, or short quotations

A. Three consecutive lines or less may be quoted as part of the text. The citation should be in quotation marks and line separation indicated by a slash (/) set off by spaces on either side.

B. If a translation follows a quotation of three or more lines, or the author wishes to draw particular emphasis to the lines, a block quotation is preferable. See VII ‘Block quotations’, below.

V. Abbreviations

A. Common abbreviations

Since PHCC has a wide readership across many fields, all abbreviations should either be given in full in the first instance, or expanded in the notes and bibliographic references. Whenever possible, usage in the Royal Irish Academy Dictionary of the Irish Language and in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru should be followed.

B. Custom Abbreviations

Abbreviations either coined by authors or unlikely to be known to readers outside the field should be avoided unless used frequently in the article. In such cases, short forms of names or titles may be more helpful to the reader. The full name or title should be provided in the first instance, as for common abbreviations.

VI. Block quotations

A. Margins

Text is to be inset by .1 inch (2.5 cm) from the right and left margins. A blank line should be inserted immediately before and after the block, and also between quotation and translation, widely separated passages quoted in sequence, texts from different sources, etc. If the inset material can be clearly identified in one note, the reference number should be placed at the end of the entire passage; otherwise, numbers may be inserted at the appropriate points. All block quotations should be in single line spacing.

B. Quotation marks, italics, etc.

It is not necessary to use quotation marks for block quotations unless the cited material is itself a quotation or contains dialogue. Translations following a text need not be placed in brackets or parentheses. Text in languages other than English is not required to be italicised in block quotations.

VII. Quotation conventions

A. Quotation marks

Curved quotation marks, i.e. “these” or ‘these’, are to be used in all instances.

B. Punctuation

The editors of PHCC do not have a preference for placement of marks of punctuation at the end of quotations either inside or outside the quotation marks. Authors should, however, display consistency in which ever of these conventions they employ.

C. Double quotation marks should be used for the following:

1. Quotations of texts, articles, translations and any other words which are not the author’s own.

2. English-language titles of works not published as stand-alone works, i.e. journal articles, book chapters, titled excerpts, poems, etc. Italics are used for the stand-alone works in which these are contained. For example, a journal article would be cited as follows: Carney, James, “Three Old Irish Accentual Poems” in Ériu 22 (1971), 23-80.

3. Quoted material with words deliberately misused or used in a special sense. Examples:

   (a) musicians Ford calls “misguided harpies”.

   (b) what McKenna calls “forms” of address.

4. Quotation within quotation. In instances of quotations embedded within other quotations, usage of double and single quotation marks alternates, beginning with the use of double marks. At the end of the sentence, all quotations much be closed. Example:

   “Ailill said, ‘I talked to my lawyer, Medb, and he said, “You have every reason to want a divorce, and every reason to fear the consequences.”’”

D. Single quotation marks should be used for the following:

1. Quotations within quotations, as described above (C.4).

2. Attributions to common usage, but no specific person, such as standard translations of words, e.g. duine ‘person’; or words and phrases used in a special sense, e.g. social phenomena apparent in ‘popular culture’.

VIII. Italics

A. Italics should be used judiciously:

1. Titles of books, anthologies, journals, or other stand-alone published works should be italicized.

2. Titles of primary texts in the original language should be italicized, e.g., Táin Bó Cúailgne, the Mabinogi. Translations are to be supplied, if necessary, in quotation marks: Togail Bruidne Da Derga “The Destruction of Da Derga’s Hostel”.

3. Languages other than English should not be italicized when quoted (they should be placed in quotation marks or formatted as block quotations as described above). However, individual non-English words and phrases should be italicized when the surrounding text is in English. Translations, if a translation is called for, should be supplied in single quotation marks. e.g. one might write about the early Irish túath, and its rí ‘king’.

IX. Bibliography

A. Usage

1. A separate bibliography is not required unless the author is using the short reference form of footnotes. If the author wishes to augment the sources used in the article references or provide background reading a separate bibliography is preferable to extensive footnotes.

2. If a bibliography is provided, it should begin on a new page following the conclusion of the article. If the bibliography lists only works cited in the text, the heading “Works Cited” is preferred. If the list includes material beyond what has been cited, the heading “Bibliography” is preferred.

B. Format

1. Works should be cited alphabetically by author or principal editor(s), last name first.

2. The material may be (but does not have to be) divided into categories. Example: primary sources/secondary sources; Welsh/Irish/Manx; poetry/prose.

X. Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments which are not covered by specific numbered footnotes should be made under a separate heading at the end of the paper. General acknowledgments should not be written ahead of the first numbered footnote in the footnotes window.