Reports on the Soviet Union, 1951-1991
The CIA Historical Review Program
The CIA's Directorate of Intelligence produced numerous analyses of the Soviet Union over the period 1951 to 1991. The following are selected titles from a larger collection of documents that were released at a 9-10 March 2001 conference at Princeton University. The full index of documents is available here.
Hard copies of many of the documents are also available at the HPCWS offices. They encompass various topics pertaining to the Cold War in the former Eastern Bloc including Sino-Soviet Relations, aid to the third world, economic policy, defense, military posture, etc. Certain documents pertaining to specific events are grouped together. For example, the collection contains intelligence reports on the 1953 uprising in East Germany, the 1956 crises in Poland and Hungary, the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia, and the 1980-81 demonstrations in Poland.
1954
Changes in Soviet Military Expenditures in Certain Regions of the USSR SC RR 69 4/14/54 16 11809
Trends in Trade Relations Between the USSR and the Free World RR IM-388 7/16/54 18 19741
Possible Utilization of New Soviet Transport in Expansion of Bloc Airlines CSM 153 8/13/54 3 2360
Paramilitary Activity in the USSR and the Satellites CSM 172 9/3/54 2 2350
Atomic Defense in the USSR CSM 174 9/8/54 2 2348
1955
Soviet Economic Assistance to its Sino-Soviet Bloc countries SC RR 103 6/13/55 82 5435
Quarterly Estimate of the Production of Aircraft in the Sino-Soviet Bloc, April-June 1955 RR IM-414 10/3/55 11 19663
The Communist Economic Campaign in the Near East and South Asia RR IM-418 11/30/55 13 19669
1957
Mr. Khrushchev's Secret Speech IP 557 1/1/57 20 3897
Estimated Soviet Military Expenditures in 1957 MP-200 10/17/57 5 13627
1958
The Tie That Binds: Soviet Intrabloc Relations Feb 1956 to Dec 1957 VI-A & VII-58* 7/29/58 55 24807
1961
Soviet Economic Assistance to the Sino-Soviet Bloc Countries CB 61-19 3/24/61 4 3640
Soviet Military Expenditures by Major Missions, 1958-65 (Supplement) ER SC 61-6 4/28/61 4 19772
Soviet Policy Toward the Underdeveloped Countries XIII-61* 4/28/61 121 23681
Limited Effectiveness of International Trade as a Means of Expanding Sino-Soviet Bloc Influence in Brazil RR EM 61-6 5/10/61 8 19740
1962
The Recent Record in Soviet Economic Growth - Chapter V: External Impact of Soviet Economic Power 10/1/62 85 3262
1963
The CPSU Letter of 30 March to the Chinese Communists: A Reaffirmation of Soviet Strategy in Underdeveloped Countries RR CB 63-40 4/29/63 11 2990
The Soviet Bloc Armed Forces and the Cuban Crisis S-1081 8/27/63 10 5018
1964
Cuba 1962: Khrushchev's Miscalculated Risk EP SC 64-5 2/13/64 156 3122
The Soviet Strategic Interest in Limited Disarmament XXIII* 3/6/64 50 24805
1966
Communist Cultural and Propaganda Activities In Less Developed Countries S-1786 1/1/66 7 4548
Foreign Language Publishing of the USSR and Communist China S-1838 3/4/66 7 4567
1967
Difficulties Encountered by Less Developed Countries in Their Economic Relations With the Soviet Union S-2219 3/13/67 9 4185
US and USSR: Information on Comparative Economic Developments S-2279 4/14/67 13 4200
New Evidence on the Soviet Supersonic Transport RR IM 67-28 5/1/67 8 11788
1968
Communist Aid to North Vietnam S-2659 3/7/68 7 4965
The Technological Gap: The USSR vs the US and Western Europe ER IR 69-13 6/1/69 68 19573
1969
Radiobroadcasting and Jamming Trends in Eastern Europe and the USSR ER IR 69-23 9/1/69 16 19575
1970
Military Forces Along the Sino-Soviet Border SR IM 70-5 1/1/70 7 10192
Stockpiling of Strategic Materials by Communist China and the USSR SP 70-75 4/8/70 7 22323
The USSR as a Market for Third World Exports None 10/1/70 24 22326
1971
Soviet Military Aid to North Vietnam S-3838 10/13/71 3 5398
1972
Communist Military Aid to India in 1971 S-4133 2/7/72 4 5371
1973
Soviet Strategic Policy and Détente S-5335 8/7/73 18 5881
1975
Changing Soviet Perceptions of World Politics and the USSR's International Role OPR 113 10/1/75 45 15895
Updating of Estimated Soviet Exports of Military Hardware to Eastern Europe S-09158 10/7/75 2 4835
1976
Brezhnev's Personal Authority and Collectivity in the Soviet Leadership PR 76-10020C 3/1/76 24 22463
The Soviet Foreign Policy Apparatus PR 76-10037C 6/1/76 42 22465
Comments on Foreign Policy Article, "Soviet Strength and US Purpose" SR/76-10146-M 6/23/76 28 22479
NIE 11-3/8-76: Soviet Forces for Intercontinental Conflict Through the Mid-1980's SR/76-10313JXM 12/15/76 6 22485
1977
Moscow and the Eurocommunists: Where Next? RP 77-10078 4/1/77 14 22525
The Balance of Forces in Central Europe SR 77-10100 8/1/77 30 22554
Soviet Premier Kosygin's Foreign Policy Role RP/77-10256CXM 10/3/77 13 22535
1978
The Balance of Nuclear Forces in Central Europe SR 78-10004 1/1/78 19 15828
Soviet Policies on Restraint of Arms Sales to the Third World ER M 78-10232 4/10/78 25 22578
The Foreign Policy Views of Mikhail Suslov RP 78-10259CX 7/1/78 19 22613
1979
Soviet Military Theory: Structure and Significance SR 79-10138X 10/1/79 18 22013
1980
Communist Aid Activities in Non-Communist Less Developed Countries, 1979 and 1954-79 ER 80-1031U 10/1/80 54 22926
1981
Soviet Views on a Post-Madrid European Security Conference PA 81-10112 3/1/81 9 22185
The 26th Soviet Party Congress: Brezhnev's Show of Unity PA 81-10154 4/1/81 20 22189
The Development of Soviet Military Power: Trends Since 1965 and Prospects for the 1980s (Key Judgments and Summary Only) SR 81-10035X 4/1/81 24 21977
Implications of a Soviet Invasion of Poland PA 81-10297 7/24/81 16 22169
The "Eurostrategic" Balance: New Soviet Numbers PA 81-10323X 8/1/81 17 22173
Prospects for Accelerated Soviet Defense Effort SR 81-10096 8/1/81 14 22174
Soviet and US Investment in Intercontinental Attack Forces, 1960-80, and Outlook for the Future SR 81-10103 8/1/81 50 22307
The Soviet Program for Peaceful uses of Nuclear Explosions SW 81-10099C 10/1/81 15 22166
A Comparison of Soviet and US Defense Activities, 1971-80 SOV 81-10009 10/1/81 90 22180
1982
The Soviet Political Succession: Institutions, People, and Policies SOV 82-10063X 4/1/82 31 22257
Can the Soviets "Stand Down" Militarily? SOV 82-10101 6/1/82 25 22202
Communist Aid to Non-Communist Less Developed Countries, 1981 GI 82-10093 6/1/82 241 22244
The Soviet Union and Nonruling Communist Parties SOV 82-10110X 8/1/82 42 22203
USSR: The Immediate Post-Brezhnev Policy Agenda SOV 82-10178 11/1/82 7 22255
Soviet Society in the 1980s: Problems and Prospects SOV 82-10206X 12/1/82 43 22201
1983
The Impact of Soviet Political Succession on Moscow's Policy Toward Eastern Europe SOV 83-10103 6/1/83 19 22383
Reorganization of Soviet Ground Forces in East Germany SOV 83-10126 8/1/83 36 22387
The USSR and its Allies: A Global Presence GI 83-10292 12/1/83 31 22360
1984
The Soviet Military Advisory and Training Program for the Third World GI 84-10066 4/1/84 27 22245
Sino-Soviet Exchanges, 1969-84 EA 84-10069 4/1/84 41 22246
Communist Military Transfers and Economic Aid to Non-Communist Less Developed Countries, 1983 GI 84-10089 5/1/84 276 22251
The Sino-Soviet-US Triangle: Moscow’s Tougher Tactics Toward China SOV 84-10162 9/1/84 15 22265
Soviet Ground Forces Trends SOV 84-10177 10/1/84 30 22266
Soviet and East European Economic Assistance Programs in Non-Communist Less Developed Countries, 1982 and 1983 GI 84-10182 11/1/84 35 22241
1985
Prospects for Soviet-West German Relations SOV 85-10019X 2/1/85 35 22254
1986
Management of Warsaw Pact Weapons Acquisition: Soviet Goals and Pact Reality (Summary Only) SOV 86-10037CX 8/1/86 9 23578
Key Third World Hotspots SOV M 86-20075X 8/22/86 15 23545
1987
The Costs of Soviet Involvement in Afghanistan SOV 87-10007 2/1/87 25 23548
The January Plenum: Gorbachev Draws the Battlelines SOV 87-10021X 4/1/87 25 23551
The Soviet Nuclear Power Program After the Chernobyl' Accident SOV 87-10032X 6/1/87 32 23555
The Soviet Defense Industry: Coping With the Military-Technological Challenge SOV 87-10035DX 7/1/87 40 23556
Gorbachev's New Foreign Policy Apparatus SOV 87-10051X 8/1/87 34 23442
Soviet and Cuban Support to Chilean Opposition SOV 87-10060X 10/1/87 25 23445
Readiness of Soviet Forces in Central Europe: Implications for a Rapid Transition to War (Key Judgments Only) SOV 87-10053D 11/1/87 8 23443
1988
Warsaw Pact Economic Aid Programs in Non-Communist LDCs: Holding Their Own in 1986 GI 88-10011 1/1/88 32 23280
Competition in Soviet Weapon Research and Development SW 88-10008X 2/1/88 24 23279
1989
The Changing Role of Civilian Advisers in Shaping Soviet National Security Policy SOV 89-10004X 1/1/89 27 23481
Moscow's 1989 Agenda for US-Soviet Relations SOV 89-10012X 2/1/89 29 23483
Gorbachev's Foreign Policy SOV 89-10014X 2/1/89 39 23484
Trends in Soviet Policy in the Third World Under Gorbachev SOV 89-10021X 3/1/89 30 23485
Gorbachev's Strategy for Managing the Defense Burden SOV 89-10036 4/1/89 25 23489
The Nature of Soviet Military Doctrine SOV 89-10037CX 4/1/89 26 23610
Soviet Military Assistance to the Third World; Major Cuts Unlikely in the Next Two Years GI M 89-20035 5/1/89 11 23301
Soviet Bloc Computers: Direct Descendants of Western Technology SW 89-10023X 6/1/89 57 23303
1990
Spotlight on Perestroyka SOV SP 90-005CX 5/1/90 12 23591
Prospects for Soviet Cooperation on the U.S. Super Collider Project: Moscow More Willing Than Able SOV M 90-20097X 7/31/90 18 23321
Defense Decisionmaking in the USSR: Looking for Legislative Oversight SOV 90-10050 8/1/90 33 23515
1991
The Implications of a Breakup of the USSR: Defense Assets at Risk SOV 91-10039X 9/1/91 27 23597
Soviet Defense Industry: Confronting Ruin SOV 91-10042 10/1/91 18 23599