PART 4

 

 

D. Works

DI. General Histories; DII. General Works on Specific Topics; DIII. Works on Specific Periods

 

A vast number Š perhaps hundreds of thousands Š of books and essays have been devoted to the Soviet experience. This means that for each one of the titles listed below (see for instance the bibliographies quoted in section CIb), hundreds more could be added. This list is thus very selective, including what I believe to be the most important works and but a handful of articles and dissertations. As I wrote in the introduction, and for the reasons given there, I have accorded preference to material in Western languages. For the same reasons, I have listed important works in Russian, Ukrainian, and other languages in translation, whenever possible.

Because most of the listed works have been, and often still are, important, or representative of major trends and opinions, I asked myself whether it was appropriate to highlight some among them. Ultimately I did so, guided by my personal preferences, not to diminish the others but in the hope of enliving what could have seemed a dreary list.

 

The section has three main subdivisions. The first is devoted to general works on Tsarist history, 1861-1914; Soviet and Russian history; and history of the main Soviet republics and nationalities. The second is arranged by topic. The third chronologically. A few works on other socialist countries, as well as on the communist movement, have been included.

The thematic portion includes works of a more theoretical nature, or ambition, as well as those covering large segments of Soviet history. In the chronological section I grouped the studies exclusively or mainly devoted to specific periods, such as the civil war, the NEP, the 1930s, World War II, the thaw, etc. Within each of these periods, I arranged the works once again by topic, such as countryside, memoirs, foreign policy, etc.

 

 

DI. General Histories

 

DIa. Russian empire

O. Anweiler, The Soviets, 1905-1921, New York, 1974;

A. Asher, The Revolution of 1905, 2 vols., Stanford, 1988-1992;

A. Ascher, P.A. Stolypin. The Search for Stability in Late Imperial Russia, Stanford, 2001;

D. Beauvois, La bataille pour la terre en Ukraine, 1863-1914, Lille, 1993 (a different perspective);

D.R. Brower, E.J. Lazzerini, eds., RussiaÕs Orient: Imperial Borderlands and Peoples, 1700-1917, Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1997;

G. Cigliano, Liberalismo e rivoluzione in Russia: il 1905 nellÕesperienza di M.M. Kovalevskij, Napoli: Liguori, 2002;

F.-X. Coquin, 1905: la RŽvolutions russe manquŽe, Bruxelles, 1905;

F.-X. Coquin, Des pres du peuple au pre des peuples: la Russie de 1825 ˆ 1929, Paris, 1991;

F.-X. Coquin, La SibŽrie: peuplement et immigration paysanne au XIX-XX sicle, Paris, 1969;

M. Confino, Systmes agraires et progrs agricole, Paris, 1969 (a beautiful book);

T. Dan, The Origins of Bolshevism, London, 1964 (a classic);

T. Emmons, The Formation of Political Parties and the First National Elections in Russia, Cambridge, 1983;

J. Frankel, Prophecy and Politics: Socialism, Nationalism and the Russian Jews, 1862-1917, Cambridge, 1981;

M. Gammer, Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan, London: Frank Cass, 1994; 

P. Gatrell, The Tsarist Economy, 1850-1917, London, 1986;

V. Gitermann, Geschichte Russlands (1949), 3 vols., Frankfurt (Main): AthenŠum, 1987;

P.R. Gregory, Russian National Income, 1885-1913, Cambridge, 1982;

L.H. Haimson, The Russian Marxists and the Origins of Bolshevism, Cambridge, MA, 1955;

A. Kappeler, The Russian Empire: A Multiethnic History, New York, 2001 (important);

A. Khalid, The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999;

L. Kołakowski, Main Currents of Marxism, Oxford, 1981;

T. von Laue, Witte and the Industrialization of Russia, New York, 1963;

A. Leroy-Beaulieu, The Empire of the Tsars and the Russian, 3 vols. New York, 1902-03;

D. Lieven, The Russian Empire and Its Rivals, London, 2000;

P.I. Liashchenko, History of the National Economy of Russia to 1917, New York, 1949;

H-D. Lšwe, Die Lage der Bauern in Russland 1880-1905, St. Katharinen, 1987;

P. Miliukov, Ch. Seignobos, H. Eisenmann, History of Russia (1933), 3 vols., New York, 1968 ;

J. Pallot, Land Reform in Russia, 1906-1917, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999;

P. Pascal, Civilisation paysanne en Russie, 2 vols., Lausanne: LÕåge dÕhomme, 1969;

R. Philippot, Les Zemstvos: sociŽtŽ civile et Etat bureaucratique dans la Russie tsariste, Paris: Institut dՎtudes slaves, 1991;

R. Pipes, Russia under the Old Regime, London, 1974;

G. Plekhanov, History of Russian Social Thought, New York, 1967;

M. Raeff, Understanding Imperial Russia: State and Societ in the Old Regime, New York, 1984;

G.T. Robinson, Rural Russia under the Old Regime, New York, 1969;

H. Rogger, Russia in the Age of Modernization and Revolution, 1881-1917, London: Longman, 1983;

H. Seton-Watson, The Russian Empire, 1801-1917, Oxford, 1967 (important);

G. Sokoloff, Puissance pauvre, Paris, 1993;

M.K. Stockdale, Paul Miljukov and the Quest for a Liberal Russia, 1880-1918, Ithaca, NY, 1996;

F. Venturi, Roots of Revolution: The History of Populist and Socialist Movements in Nineteenth Century Russia, London, 1960 (a classic);

A. Walicki, A History of Russian Thought from Enlightenment to Marxism, Stanford, 1979;

P.A. Zaionchkovskii (the best Soviet specialist), The Abolition of Serfdom in Russia (Moscow, 1960), Gulf Breeze, FL, 1978;

P.A. Zaionchkovskii, The Russian Autocracy in Crisis, 1878-1882 (Moscow, 1964), Gulf Breeze, FL, 1979.

 

 

DIb. USSR and Russia

 

Iu.N. AfanasÕev, ed., Sovetskoe obshchestvo: vozniknovenie, razvitie, istoricheskii final, 2 vols., Moscow, 1997;

F. Benvenuti, Storia della Russia contemporanea, Roma: Laterza, 1999;

H. Carrre dÕEncausse, A History of the Soviet Union, 1917-1953, London, 1981;

R. Girault, M. Ferro, De La Russie ˆ lÕURSS, Paris, 1989;

M. Heller, A. Nekritch, Utopia in Power: The History of the Soviet Union, London, 1986 (the dissidentsÕ history Švery good up to the Brezhnev era);

M. Hildermeier, LinkGeschichte der Sowjetunion, 1917-1991: Entstehung und Niedergang des ersten sozialistischen Staates, MŸnchen: Verlag C.H. Beck, 1998;

G. Hosking, The First Socialist Society: A History of the Soviet Union from Within, Cambridge, MA, 1993;

History of the USSR in Three Parts, Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1982 (A translation of Istoriia S.S.S.R., the Brezhnevite official text);

P. Kenez, A History of the Soviet Union from the Beginning to the End, Cambridge, 1999;

M. Lewin, The Making of the Soviet System: Essays in the Social History of Interwar Russia, New York, 1985 (important);

M. Lewin, Le sicle soviŽtique, Paris: Fayard, 2003;

M. Laran, J.-L. Van Regemorter, La Russie et lÕex-URSS de 1914 ˆ nos jours, Paris, 2000;

R. Pethybridge, A History of Post-War Russia, London, 1974;

R.G. Pikhoia, Sovetskii soiuz: istoriia vlasti, 1945-1991, Moscow, 1998 (perhaps the best work on the postwar period);

S. Pons, A. Romano, eds., Russia in the age of wars, 1914-1945, Milano: Feltrinelli 2000;

N. Riasanovsky, A History of Russia, New York, 2000;

K. Schlšgel, ed., Der grosse Exodus: Die russische Emigration und ihre Zentren, 1917 bis 1941, Munich, 1994;

R.G. Suny, The Soviet Experiment: Russia, the USSR and the Successor States, New York, 1998;

D. Treadgold, Twentieth Century Russia, Boulder: Westeview, 1987;

N. Werth, Histoire de lÕUnion soviŽtique, Paris: PUF, 1992 ;

V. Zaslavsky, Storia del sistema sovietico: lÕascesa, la stabilitˆ, il crollo, Roma: NIS, 1995.

 

 

DIc. Nationalities, general

See also DIIh. Repression and political police, and the chronological subsections below.

 

S. Blank, The Sorcerer as Apprentice: Stalin as Commissar of Nationalities, 1917-1924, Westport, CT, 1994;

P. Blitstein, ŅStalinÕs Nations: Soviet Nationality Policy between Planning and Primordialism,Ó Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California at Berkeley, 1999;

Y.M. Brudny, Reinventing Russia: Russian Nationalism and the Soviet State, 1953-1991, Cambridge, MA, 1998 (an interesting perspective);

J. Cadiot, ŅLa constitution des catŽgories nationales dans lÕEmpire de Russie et dans lÕUnion des RŽpubliques Socialistes SoviŽtiques (1897-1939): Statisticiens, ethnographes et administrateurs face ˆ la diversitŽ du ŌnationalÕÓ, Ph.D. Dissertation, EHESS, 2001;

H. Carrre dÕEncausse, The Great Challenge: Nationalities and the Bolshevik State, 1917-1930, New York, 1992;

W. Connor, The National Question in Marxist-Leninist Theory and Strategy, Princeton, 1984;

R. Denber, ed., The Soviet Nationality Reader: The Disintegration in Context, Boulder, CO.: Westview, 1992;

I. Dzyuba, Internationalism or Russification, 3rd ed. New York: Monad Press, 1974 (a classic);

G. Gleason, Federalism and Nationalism. The Struggle for Republican Rights in the USSR, Boulder, 1990;

F. Hirsch, ŅThe Soviet Union as a Work-in-Progress: Ethnographers and the Category Nationality in the 1926, 1937, and 1939Ó, Slavic Review, 2 (1997) (see also her Ph.D. Dissertation, ŅEmpire of Nations: Colonial Technologies and the Making of the Soviet Union, 1917-1939,Ó Princeton University, 1998);

L. Hajda, M. Beissenger, eds., The Nationalities Factor in Soviet Politics and Society, Boulder, CO, 1990;

R.J. Kaiser, The Geography of Nationalism in Russia and the USSR, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994;

V. Kozlov, The Peoples of the Soviet Union, London, 1988;

Ch. Lemercier-Quelquejay, G. Veinstein, S.E. Wimbush, eds., PassŽ turco-tatar, PrŽsent soviŽtique (Žtudes offertes ˆ Alexandre Bennigsen), Paris, 1986;

T. Martin, An Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939, Ithaca, NY, 2001 (the best book on the topic);

A. Motyl, ed., Thinking Theoretically about Soviet Nationalities, New York, 1992;

B. Nahaylo, V. Swoboda, Soviet Disunion: A History of the Nationality Problem in the Soviet Union, London, 1990;

Problems of Communism 16, 5 (1967), special issue on nationalities and nationalism in the USSR;

J. Radvanyi, LÕURSS: rŽgions et nations, Paris: Masson, 1990;

M.-P. Rey, De la Russie ˆ lÕUnion soviŽtique: la construction de lÕEmpire, Paris: Hachette, 1994;

G. Simon, Nationalismus und NationalitŠtenpolitik in der Sowjetunion, Baden-Baden, 1986;

Y. Slezkine, ŅThe USSR as a Communal Apartment, or How a Socialist State Promoted Ethnic Particularism,Ó Slavic Review, 2 (1994);

M. Smith, Language and Power in the Creation of the USSR, 1917-1953, Berlin, 1998;

T. Snyder, The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569-1999, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003;

R.G. Suny, T. Martin, eds., A State of Nations: Empire and Nation-Making in the Age of Lenin and Stalin, Oxford, 2001;

R. Szporluk, Communism and Nationalism: Karl Marx versus Friedrich List, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988 (a crucial question);

L. Tillett, The Great Friendship: Soviet Historians on the Non-Russian Nnationalities, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1969;

S.A. Tokarev, URSS: popoli e costumi (Moscow, 1958), Bari: Laterza, 1969;

P.N. Wexler, Purism and Language: A Study in Modern Ukrainian and Belorussian Nationalism (1840-1967), Bloomington, IN, 1974.

 

DIc1. Central Asia

S.A., Adshead, Central Asia in World History, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992;

E. Allworth, ed., Central Asia. 130 Years of Russian Dominance: A Historical Overview, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1994;
E. Allworth,
The Modern Uzbeks, Stanford, 1990;

A.L. Edgar, ŅThe Creation of Soviet Turkmenistan, 1924-1938,Ó Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California at Berkeley, 1999;

En Asie centrale soviŽtique, special issue, Cahiers du monde russe et soviŽtique, 1 (1991);

A. Bennigsen, C. Lemercier-Quelquejay, Le Soufi et le commissaire: les confrŽries musulmanes en URSS, Paris: Seuil, 1986;

H. Carrre dÕEncausse, RŽforme et rŽvolution chez les musulmans de lÕEmpire russe. Bukhara, 1867-1924, Paris, 1966;

Des ethnies aux nations en Asie centrale, special issue, Revue du monde musulman et de la MŽditerranŽe, 1 (1992);

S. A. Dudoignon e Komatsu Isao (eds.), Islam and Politics in Russia and Central Asia (Early Eighteen to Late Twentieth Centuries), London, New York & Bahrain, Kegan Paul, 2001;

W. Fierman, ed., Soviet Central Asia: The Failed Transformation, Boulder, CO., 1991;

R.D. Kangas, Uzbekistan in the Twentieth Century: Political Development and Evolution of Power, New York: St. MartinÕs, 1994;

B. Hayit, ŅBasmatschiÓ: nationaler Kampf Turkestans in den Jahren 1917 bis 1934, Kšln: Dreisam, 1992;

S. Keller, To Moscow, not Mecca. The Soviet Campaign against Islam in Central Asia, 1917-1941, Westport: Praeger, 2001;

N. Lubin, Labor and Nationality in Soviet Central Asia, Princeton, 1984;

G. Massell, The Surrogate Proletariat. Moslem Women and Revolutionary Strategies in Soviet Central Asia, 1919-1929, Princeton, 1974;

W. Myer, Islam and Colonialism. Western Perspectives on Soviet Asia, London, 2002;

D. Northrop, ŅUzbek women and the veil: gender and power in Stalinist Central AsiaÓ, Ph.D. Dissertation, Stanford University, 1999;
M.B. Olcott, The Kazakhs, Stanford, 1987;

M. Payne, StalinÕs Railroad: Turksib and the Building of Socialism, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2001;

O. Roy, The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations, New York, 2000;

B. Rumer, Soviet Central Asia, London, 1989;
S.A. Zenkovsky,
Panturkism and Islam in Russia, 1905-1920, Cambridge, MA, 1967.

 

DIc2. The Baltics

A. Bertricau, ed., LÕEstonie: identitŽ et indŽpendance, Paris: lÕHarmattan, 2001 ;

J. Hiden, The Baltic Nations and Europe: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century, London: Longman, 1994;

O. Mertelsmann, ed., The Sovietization of the Baltic States, 1940-1956, Tartu: Kleio, 2003;

R.J. Misiunas, R. Taagepera, The Baltic States: Years of Dependence, 1940-1980, Berkeley, 1983;

G. von Rauch, The Baltic States: The Years of Independence, 1917-1940, New York, 1995;

V.S. Vardys, ed., Lithuania under the Soviets: Portrait of a Nation, New York: Praeger, 1965;

V.S. Vardys, Lithuania: The Rebel Nation, Boulder, CO.: Westview Press, 1997.

 

DIc3. Belarus

F. Depelteau, A. Lacassagne, eds, Le BŽlarus. LÕEtat de lÕexception, Les Presses de lÕUniversitŽ Laval, Canada, 2003;

B. Drweski, La BiŽlorussie, Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1993 ;

A. Goujon et al., eds., Chroniques sur la BiŽlorussie contemporaine, LÕHarmattan (Ē BiŽlorussie Č), Paris, 2001;

I.S. Lubachko, Belorussia under Soviet Rule, 1917-1957, Lexington, 1972;

D.R. Marples, Belarus: From Soviet Rule to Nuclear Catastrophe, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996;

D. Siebert, BŠuerliche Alltagstrategien in der belarussischen SSR (1921-1941): die Zerstšrung patriarchalischer Familienwirtschaft, Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 1998;

N.P. Vakar, Belorussia: The Making of a Nation, a Case Study, Cambridge, MA, 1956.

 

DIc4. Transcaucasia

R.G. Suny, ed., Transcaucasia, Nationalism and Social Change: Essays in the History of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996.

 

DIc4a. Armenia

R. Hovannisian, ed., The Armenian People, 2 vol., New York, 1997;

R. Hovannisian, The Republic of Armenia, 5 vols., Berkeley, 1971-1996;

C. Mouradian, De Staline ˆ Gorbatchev: histoire dÕune rŽpublique soviŽtique, lÕArmŽnie, Paris: Ramsay, 1990 ;

R.G. Suny, Looking toward Ararat: Armenia in Modern History, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993.

 

DIc4b. Azerbaijan

A.L. Altstadt, The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity under Russian Rule, Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1992; 

Jšrg Baberowski, "Der Feind ist Ÿberall". Stalinismus im Kaukasus, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, MŸnchen - Stuttgart 2003;

T. Swietochowski, Russian Azerbaijan, 1905-1920, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

 

DIc4c. Georgia

K. Salia, History of the Georgian Nation, Paris, 1983;

R.G. Suny, The Making of the Georgian Nation, Bloomington, 1994.

 

DIc5. The North and Siberia

En islam sibŽrien, special issue, Cahiers du monde russe, 2-3 (2000) ;

Y. Slezkine, Arctic Mirrors: Russia and the Small Peoples of the North, Ithaca, NY, 1994.

 

DIc6. Tatars

A. Allworth, ed., The Tatars of Crimea: Return to the Homeland, Durham: Duke University Press, 1998;

Iu.V. Arutiunian, ed., SotsialÕnoe i natsionalÕnoe. Opyt etnosotsiologicheskikh issledovanii po materialam Tatarstanskoi ASSR, Moscow: Nauka, 1973;

A. Bennigsen, C. Lemercier-Quelquejay, Les Mouvements nationaux chez les musulmans de Russie: le ŅsultangalievismeÓ au Tatarstan, Paris: Mouton, 1960 ;

A.-A. Rorlich, The Volga Tatars: A Profile in National Resilience, Stanford, CA.: Hoover Institution Press, 1986.

 

DIc7. Ukraine

See the 1930s subsections for works on the 1932-33 famine.

 

I. Bilinsky, The Second Soviet Republic: The Ukraine after World War II, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1964;

S. BilokinÕ, Masovyj teror jak zasib derzhavnoho upravlinnja v SRSR (1917-1941 rr), 2 vol., Kyiv, 1999;

A. Kappeler, Kleine Geschichte der Ukraine, MŸnchen: C.H. Beck, c1994;

A. Kappeler, F. Sysyn, Z. Kohut, eds., Culture, Nation, and Identity: The Ukrainian-Russian Encounter, 1600-1945, Toronto, 2003;

I.S. Koropeckyj, ed., Ukrainian Economic History, Edmonton: CIUS, 1991;

B. Krawchenko, Social Change and National Consciousness in XX Century Ukraine, New York, 1985;

S.V. KulÕchytsÕkyi, Ukraїna mizh dvoma viynamy (1921-1939 rr.), Kyїv, 1999;

S.V. KulÕchytsÕkyi, ed., Politychnyi teror i teroryzm v Ukraїni, Kyїv, 2002;

H. Kuromiya, Freedom and Terror in the Donbas: A Ukrainian-Russian Borderland, 1870s-1990s, Cambridge, 1998;

B. Lewitzkyj, Politics and Society in Soviet Ukraine, 1953-1980, Edmonton, Alta, 1985;

G.O. Liber, Soviet Nationality Policy, Urban Growth, and Identity Change in the Ukrainian SSR, 1923-1934, Cambridge, 1992;

G.S. Luckyj, Literary Politics in the Soviet Ukraine (1956), Durham, 1990;

J. Mace, Communism and the Dilemmas of National Liberation: National Communism in Ukraine, 1918-33, Cambridge, MA, 1983;

P.R. Magocsi, Galicia: A Historical Survey and Bibliographic Guide, Toronto, 1983;

P.R. Magocsi, A History of Ukraine, Toronto, 1996;

F. MeslŽ, J. Vallin, MortalitŽ et causes de dŽcs en Ukraine au XXe sicle, Le Cahiers de lÕINED: Paris, 2003;

A.J. Motyl, The Turn to the Right: The Ideological Origins and Development of Ukrainian Nationalism, 1919-1929, New York: Columbia University Press, 1980;

O. Pachlovska, Civiltˆ letteraria ucraina, Carocci: Roma, 1998;

S. Plokhy, F. Sysyn, Religion and Nation in Modern Ukraine, CIUS, Edmonton, 2001;

P.J. Potichnyj, M. Raeff, J. Pelenski, G.N. Zekulin, eds., Ukraine and Russia in Their Historical Encounter, Edmonton: CIUS, 1992;

P.J. Potichnyj, H. Aster, eds., Ukrainian-Jewish Relations in Historical Perspective, Edmonton 1990;

I.L. Rudnytsky, Essays in Modern Ukrainian History, Edmonton, 1987 (some of them very intelligent);

I.L. Rudnytsky, Rethinking Ukrainian History, Edmonton, 1981;

Iu.I. Shapoval, Ukra•na XX stolittia, Kyiv: Heneza, 2001;

O. Subtelny, Ukraine: A History, 3rd ed., Toronto, 2000;

R.S. Sullivant, Soviet Politics and the Ukraine, 1917-1957, New York, 1962;

R. Szporluk, Ukraine, a Brief History, Detroit, MI, 1982;

H.-J. Torke, J.P. Himka, eds., German-Ukrainian Relations in Historical Perspective, Edmonton, 1994;

O. Veselova, V. Marochko, O. Movchan, Holodomori v Ukraїni 1921-23, 1932-33, 1946-47, Kyїv, 2000.

 

DIc8. The Jewish Question

See the World War II chronological subsection below for works on the Holocaust.

 

Z. Gitelman, Jewish Nationality and Soviet Politics: The Jewish Section of the CPSU, 1917-1930, Princeton, 1972;

Z. Gitelman, A Century of Ambivalence: The Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union, 1881 to the present, Bloomington, 2001;

G. Kostyrchenko, Out of the Red Shadows: Anti-Semitism in Soviet Russia, Amherst, N. Y., 1995;

G.B. Kostyrchenko, Tainaia politika Stalina: vlastÕ i antisemitizm, Moscow, 2001 (perhaps the best book on the topic);

J.D. Klier et Sh. Lambroza, eds., Pogroms: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History, Cambridge, 1992;

N. Levin, The Jews in the Soviet Union since 1917, New York, 1990;

B. Pinkus, The Soviet Government and the Jews, 1948-1967, Cambridge, 1984;

B. Pinkus, The Jews of the Soviet Union: The History of a National Minority, Cambridge, 1988;

S. Redlich, Together and Apart in Brzezany: Poles, Jews, and Ukrainians, 1919-1945, Bloomington, 2002;

Y. RoÕi, The Struggle for Soviet Jewish Emigration, 1948-1967, Cambridge, 1991;

A. Salomoni, Nazionalitˆ ebraica, cittadinanza sovietica, 1917-1948, Bologna, 2001;

S.M. SchwarzüThe Jews in the Soviet Union, New York, 1951;

A. Vaksberg, LÕ antisŽmitisme russe, Paris, 2002;

R. Weinberg, StalinÕs Forgotten Zion: Birobidzhan and the Making of a Soviet Jewish Homeland, Berkeley, 1998.

 


DII. General works on specific topics

Important documentary collections, memoirs, literary works and statistical collections are listed above in B. Sources. Works dealing with specific periods are listed below in the chronological subsections.

 

DIIa. Political memoirs and biographies

 

DIIa1. General

A. Khavin, U ruliia industrii, Moscow: Politizdat, 1968 (sketches of some of the most important Soviet  ŅbuildersÓ);

A. Lunacharsky, Revolutionary Silhouettes, New York, 1968 (interesting sketches of important leaders);

R. Medvedev, All StalinÕs Men, Oxford: Blackwell, 1983 (sketches of StalinÕs main cronies);

V. Medvedev, Dans lÕombre de Brejnev et de Gorbatchev: les derniers tsars rouges racontŽs par leur garde du corps, Paris 1988;

L. Trotsky, Portraits, Political and Personal, New York, 1977 (see also Politicheskie siluety, Moscow, 1926, 8th vol. of his Works);

D.A. Volkogonov, Autopsy for an Empire: The Seven Leaders Who Built the Soviet Regime, New York: Free Press, 1998 (effective portraits of Soviet leaders, from Lenin to Gorbachev); the longer Russian edition is SemÕ vozhdei:  Galereia liderov SSSR, 2 vol., Moscow, 1995;

B.D. Wolfe, Three Who Made a Revolution: A Biographical History, New York, 1948 (Lenin, Trotsky, Stalin).

 

DIIa2. By person

In alphabetical order. See also the memoirs and biographical dictionaries listed in B. Sources and C. Reference tools above.

 

Z. Medvedev, Andropov, New York, 1984;

R.A. Medvedev, Neizvestnyi Andropov: politicheskaia biografiia, Moscow, 1999

A. Antonov-Ovseenko, Beriia, Moscow, 1999;

S. Beria, Beria, My Father, London, 2001;

A. Knight, Beria, StalinÕs First Lieutenant, Princeton, 1993;

V.F. Nekrasov, ed., Beriia: konets karery, Moscow, 1991;

Ju.V. Aksiutin, ed., L.I. Brezhnev: materialy k biografii, Moscow, 1991 (useful);

E. Bacon, M. Sandle, eds., Brezhnev Reconsidered, New York: Palgrave, 2002;

V. Sheludko, ed., Leonid Brezhnev v vospominaniiakh, razmyshleniiakh, suzhdeniiakh, Rostov-na-Donu, 1998;

L. Brezhneva, The World I Left Behind: Pieces of a Past, New York: Random House, 1995;

A. Larina, This I Cannot Forget: The Memoirs of BukharinÕs Widow, New York, 1993;

S. Cohen, Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution: A Political Biography, 1888-1938, New York, 1975 (has been a very important book);

M. Kun, Bukharin, ego druzÕia i vragi, Moscow, 1992;

R.A. Medvedev, LichnostÕ i epokha: politicheskii portret L.I. Brezhneva, Moscow: Novosti, 1991;

I. Zemtsov, Chernenko: The Last Bolshevik, New Brunswick, NJ, 1989;

L. Aron, Yeltsin: A Revolutionary Life, London, 1999;

M. Jansen, N. Petrov, StalinÕs Loyal Executioner: PeopleÕs Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940, Stanford 2002;

A. Gromyko, Memoirs, New York, 1989;

T. Prymak, Mykhailo Hrushevsky: The Politics of National Culture, Toronto, 1987;

N. Jasny, To Live Long Enough, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1976;

R. Abraham, Alexander Kerensky: The First Love of the Revolution, London, 1987;

V.I. GolÕdanskii, ed., I.B. Khariton: putÕ dlinoiu v vek, Moscow, 1999;

A. Kirilina, LÕAssassinat de Kirov: destin dÕun stalinien, 1888-1934, Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995;

Iu.V. Aksiutin, Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev: materialy k biografii, Moscow, 1989;

G.W. Breslauer, Khrushchev and Brezhnev as Leaders: Building Authority in Soviet Politics, Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1982;

E. Crankshaw, Khrushchev: A Career, New York, 1966;

S. Khrushchev, Khrushchev on Khrushchev, Boston, 1990;

S. Khrushchev, Nikita Khrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower, University Park, 2000;

R. and Z. Medvedev, Khrushchev: The Years in Power, Paris, 1977;

W. Taubman, S. Khrushchev, A. Gleason, eds., Nikita Khrushchev, New Haven, CT, 2000;

W. Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era, New York: Norton, 2003 (an important book);

W.J. Tompson, Khrushchev: A Political Life, Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1995;

A. M. Kollontai, Diplomaticheskie dnevniki, 1922-1940, 2 vols., Moscow, 2001;

B. Farnsworth, Aleksandra Kollontai: Socialism, Feminism, and the Bolshevik Revolution, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1980;

T.I. Fetisov, ed., PremÕer, izvestnyi i neizvestnyi: vospominaniia o A.N. Kosygine, Moscow, 1997;

T.E. OÕConnor, The Engineer of Revolution: L.B. Krasin and the Bolsheviks, 1870-1926, Westview, 1992;

S.S. Khromov, Leonid Krasin: neizvestnye stranitsy biografii, 1920-1926 gg., Moscow, In-t rossiiskoi istorii RAN, 2001;

H. Carrre dÕEncausse, LŽnine, Paris, Fayard, 1998;

L. Fischer, The Life of Lenin, New York, 1964;

Institut Marksizma-Leninizma, V.I. Lenin: biograficheskaia khronika, 12 vols., Moscow, 1970-1982;

M. Lewin, LeninÕs Last Struggle, New York, 1968;

R. Service, Lenin: A Political Life, 2 vols., London, 1985-1991;

N. Valentinov, Encounters with Lenin, New York, 1968 (interesting);

D.A. Volkogonov, Lenin: A New Biography, New York, 1994;

H.D. Phillips, Between the revolution and the West. A Political Biography of Maxim M. Litvinov, Boulder, 1992;

A.G. Malenkov, O moem ottse Georgii Malenkov, Moscow, 1992;

B. Gross, Willi MŸnzenberg: eine politische Biografie, Leipzig: Forum, 1991;

S. Koch, Double Lives: Stalin, Willi MŸnzenberg and the Seduction of the Intellectuals, London: HarperCollins, 1995;

O.V. Khlevniuk, In StalinÕs Shadow: The Career of ŅSergoÓ Ordzhonikidze (Moscow, 1993), Armonk, NY, 1995;

E. Heresch, Geheimakte Parvus: die gekaufte Revolution, Munich, 2000;

P.A. Zveteremich, Il grande Parvus, Milano: Garzanti, 1988 (an interesting reading);

A. Graziosi, G.L. Piatakov: A Mirror of Soviet History, in A. Graziosi, A New, Peculiar State, Westport, CT, 2000;

J.-F. Fayet, Karl Radek (1885-1939): biographie politique, Bern, Lang, 2004;

P. BrouŽ, Rakovsky ou la rŽvolution dans tous les pays, Paris: Fayard, 1996;
F. Conte, Christian Rakovski, 1873-1941: A Political Biography, Boulder, 1997;

Yu. Shapoval, ed., Petro Shelest: ŅSpravzhnij sud istori• shche popereduÓ, Kyiv, 2003;

A.N. Kolesnik, Khronika zhizni semi Stalina, CharÕkov, 1990;

W. Laqueur, Stalin: The Glasnost Revelations, London: Unwin Hyman, 1990;

L. Marcou, Staline, vie privŽe, Paris, 1996;

J.-J. Marie, Staline, Paris: Fayard, 2001;

A. Ostrovskii, Kto stoial za spinoi Stalina? Tainy revoliutsionnogo podpolÕia, Moscow: OLMA Press, 2002;

B. Souvarine, Stalin: A Critical Survey of Bolshevism (1935), New York, 1972 (an important book);

R.C. Tucker, Stalin as a Revolutionary, 1879-1929, New York, 1973 and Stalin in Power: The Revolution from Above, 1928-1941, New York, 1990;

L.D. Trotsky, Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence (1941), London, 1968;

A.B. Ulam, Stalin: The Man and His Era, Boston, 1989;

D.A. Volkogonov, Stalin: Triumph and Tragedy, New York, 1991;

A. Bennigsen, C. Lemercier-Quelquejay, Sultan-Galiev, le pre de la rŽvolution tiers-mondiste, Paris 1986 ;

R. Medvedev, D. Ermakov, ŅSeryi kardinalÓ: M.A. Suslov, Moscow: Respublika, 1992;

V.M. Tchernov (Chernov), Mes tribulations en Russie soviŽtique, Paris: I. Povolozky, (S. d.);

O.I. Gorelov, Tsugtsvang Mikhaila Tomskogo, Moscow, 1999;

P. BrouŽ, Trotsky, Paris: Fayard, 1988;

I. Deutscher, Trotsky, 3 vols., New York, 1954-1963 (important);

D.A. Volkogonov, Trotsky: The Eternal Revolutionary, New York, 1996;

A. Vaksberg, StalinÕs Prosecutor: The Life of Andrei Vyshinsky, New York, 1991;

M. Wolf, Man Without Face: The Autobiography of CommunismÕs Greatest Spymaster, London, 1997;

N. Zhordania, Moia zhiznÕ, Stanford, Cal.: The Hoover Institution, 1968;

 

 

DIIb. Political history, ideology

See also the chronological subdivision below. For instance, on Stalinism see the 1930s, WWII, and the postwar subsections.

 

R.R. Abramovitch, The Soviet Revolution 1917-1939, New York: International Universities Press, 1962;

M.S. Agurski, The Third Rome: National Bolshevism in the USSR, Boulder, CO., 1987;

D. Bell, ŅTen Theories in Search of Soviet RealityÓ, World Politics, 3 (1958);

N.A. BerdiaevLink, The Origin of Russian Communism, Ann Arbor, 1960 (a different perspective);

A. Besanon, The Rise of the GULag: Intellectual Origins of Leninism, New York, 1981;

A. Besanon, PrŽsent soviŽtique et passŽ russe, Paris: Hachette, 1986;

C. Bettelheim, Class Struggles in the USSR, 2 vols., New York, 1976-1978;

S. Bialer, StalinÕs Successors: Leadership, Stability, and Change in the Soviet Union, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980;

C.E. Black, T.P. Thornton, eds., Communism and Revolution: the Strategic Uses of Political Violence, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1964;

Z. Brzezinski, The Permanent Purge, Cambridge, MA, 1956;

Z. Brzezinski, Ideology and Power in Soviet Politics, New York: Praeger, 1967;

Z. Brzezinski, The Grand Failure: The Birth and Death of Communism in the Twentieth Century, New York: Collier Books, 1990;

H. Chambre, LՃvolution du marxisme soviŽtique, Paris: Seuil, 1974;

D. Colas, Le lŽninisme. Philosophie et sociologie politique du lŽninisme, Paris, 1982;

R.H.S. Crossman, ed., The God that Failed: Six Studies in Communism, London: Hamilton, 1950;

A. DÕAgostino, Marxism and the Russian Anarchists, S. Francisco, 1977;

A. DÕAgostino, Soviet Succession Struggles: From Lenin to Gorbachev, Allen and Unwin,1988;

A.B. Evans, Soviet Marxism-Leninism: The Decline of an Ideology, Westport, CT, 1993;

M. Fainsod, J. Hough, How Russia Is Governed, Cambridge, MA, 1979;

M. Fainsod, Smolensk under Soviet rule, Cambridge, MA, 1958 (a fundamental book);

M. Flores, LÕimmagine dellÕURSS: lÕoccidente e la Russia di Stalin, 1917-1956, Milano: Il Saggiatore, 1990;

T. Friedgut, Political Participation in the USSR, Princeton, 1979;

C.J. Friedrich, Z.K. Brzezinski, Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy, Cambridge, MA, 1956;

F. Furet, The Passing of an Illusion: The Idea of Communism in the Twentieth Century, Chicago, 1999;

M. Heller, Histoire de la Russie et de son empire, Paris: Plon 1997;

J. Hough, The Soviet Prefects, Cambridge, MA, 1969;

A. Gleason, Totalitarianism, New York, 1995 (very useful);

L.H. Haimson, The Mensheviks from the Revolution of 1917 to the Second World War, Chicago, 1974;

C. Ingerflom, Le Citoyen impossible: les racines russes du lŽninisme, Paris: Payot, 1988;

Institut Marksizma-Leninizma, Istoriia kommunisticheskoi partii Sovetskogo soiuza, 6 vols., Moscow, 1964-1976;

K. Jowitt, New World Disorder: The Leninist Extinction, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992 (an original perspective);

H. Kochanek, Die russisch-nationale Rechte von 1968 bis zum Ende der Sowjetunion, Stuttgart, 1999;

T. Kondratieva, Bolcheviks et jacobins: itinŽraire des analogies, Paris: Payot, 1989;

V.I. Kuptsova, ed., Stranitsy v istorii KPSS: fakty, problemy, uroki, 2 vols., Moscow, 1988-1989;

M. Lewin, Russia Š USSR Š Russia: The Drive and Drift of a Superstate, New York: New Press 1995;

A. Liebich, From the Other Shore: Russian Social Democracy after 1921, Cambridge, MA, 1997;

E. Mawdsley, S. White, The Soviet Elite from Lenin to Gorbachev: the CC and its members, Oxford, 2003;

M. Malia, The Soviet Tragedy: A History of Socialism in Russia, 1917-1991, New York, 1994;

H. Marcuse, Soviet Marxism: A Critical Analysis, New York, 1958;

N. Mitrokhin, Russkaia partiia. Dvizhenie russkikh natsionalistov v SSSR, 1953-1985, Moskva, 2003;

B. Moore, Jr., Soviet politics: the dilemma of power, New York: Harper & Row, 1965;

B.I. Nicolaevski, Power and the Soviet Elite, New York, 1965 (has been an important book);

A. Nove, ed., The Stalin Phenomenon, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1993;

A. Nove, Was Stalin Really Necessary?, London: Allen & Unwin, 1964;

T.H. Rigby, Communist Party Membership in the USSR, 1917-1967, Princeton, 1968;

L. Schapiro, The Communist Party of the Soviet Union, New York, 1970 (important);

P. SŽriot, Analyse du discours politique soviŽtique, Paris, 1985;

M. Shatz, Jan Wacław Machajski: A Radical Critic of the Russian Intelligentsia and Socialism, Pittsburgh, 1989;

B. Souvarine, A contre-courant. Ecrits 1925-1939, Paris, 1985;

N.S. Timasheff, The Great Retreat: The Growth and Decline of Communism in Russia, New York: E.P. Dutton & co., 1946 (important);

Tsarisme, Bolchevisme, Stalinisme: vingt regards dÕhistoriens, Paris: Institut dՎtudes slaves, 1990

A.B. Ulam, The Bolsheviks (1965), Cambridge, MA, 1998;

A.G. Vichnevski, La faucille et le rouble: la modernisation conservatrice en URSS, Paris: Gallimard, 2000;

A. Walicki, Marxism and the Leap to the Kingdom of Freedom : The Rise and Fall of the Communist Utopia, Stanford, 1995;

B. Wolfe, An Ideology in Power: Reflections on the Russian Revolution, New York, 1969;

V.V. Zhuravlev, VlastÕ i oppozitsiia: rossiiskii politicheskii protsess XX stoletiia, Moscow: Rosspen, 1995.

 

 

DIIc. Economics

See also the subsection on statistics in B. Sources, above.

 

DIIc1. Economic theory, economic thought

I. Birman, Ekonomika nedostach, New York, 1983 (important);

W. Brus, From Marx to the Market: Socialism in Search of an Economic System, Oxford, 1989;

W. Brus, Problmes gŽnŽraux du fonctionnement de lՎconomie socialiste, Paris, 1968;

B.D. Brutzkus, Economic Planning in Soviet Russia, London, 1935 (a fundamental book);

J.-M. Collette, Politique des investissements et calcul Žconomique: lÕexpŽrience soviŽtique, Paris: ƒditions Cujas, 1965;

D.C. Engerman, Modernization from the Other Shore: American Intellectuals and the Romance of Russian Development, Cambridge, MA, 2003;

F.A. von Hayek, ed., Collectivist Economic Planning: Critical Studies on the Possibilities of Socialism (1935), Clifton, NJ 1975 (important);

A. Katsenelinboigen, Soviet Economic Thought and Political Power in the USSR, New York: Pergamon Press, 1980;

J. Kornai, Economics of Shortage, Amsterdam, 1980 Šimportant, see also ŅShortage as a Fundamental Problem of the Centrally Planned EconomiesÉ (interview with J. Kornai),Ó Economics of Shortage, 3 (1982);

J. Kornai, The Socialist System: The Political Economy of Communism, Princeton, 1992;

V. Mau, The Political History of Economic Reform in Russia, 1985-1994, London, 1996 (an intelligent book);

L. von Mises, Die Gemeinwirtschaft: Untersuchungen Ÿber den Sozialismus, Jena: Fischer, 1922 (fundamental);

A. Nove, ed., Socialist Economics: Selected Readings, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972;

A. Nove, The Soviet Economic System, Boston, 1986;

G.E. Schroeder, ŅReflections on Economic Sovietology,Ó Post-Soviet Affairs, 11, 3 (1995);

A. Stanziani, LՎconomie en rŽvolution: le cas russe, 1870-1930, Paris: A. Michel, 1998;

P. Sutela, Socialism, Planning and Optimality: A Study in Soviet Economic Thought, Helsinki, 1984;

L. Szamuely, First Models of the Socialist Economic Systems, Budapest, 1974;

V. Treml, ed., Studies in Soviet Input-Output Analysis, New York: Praeger, 1977;

J.H. Wilhelm, ŅThe failure of the American sovietological economics profession,Ó Europe-Asia Studies, 55, 1 (2003): 59-74;

J. Winiecki, The Distorted World of Soviet-Type Economies, Routledge, 1988;

A. Zauberman, Mathematical Theory in Soviet Planning, Oxford, 1976.

 

DIIc2. National income

See also the already quoted CIAÕs Analysis of the Soviet Union 1947-91.

 

A.S. Becker, ŅIntelligence fiasco or reasoned accounting? CIA estimates of Soviet GNPÓ, Post-Soviet Affairs, 10, 4 (1994);

A. Bergson, The Real National Income of Soviet Russia Since 1928, Cambridge, MA, 1961;

A. Bergson, S. Kuznets, eds., Economic Trends in the Soviet Union, Cambridge, MA, 1963;

G.I. Khanin, Dinamika ekonomicheskogo razvitiia SSSR, Novosibirsk: Nauka 1991 Šan important book, see M. Harrison, ŅSoviet Economic Growth Since 1928: The Alternative Statistics of G.I. Khanin,Ó Europe-Asia Studies, 1 (1993);

ŅU.S. Assessment of the Soviet and Post-Soviet Russian Economy: Lessons Learned and Not Learned,Ó Colloque, Kennan Institute of Russian Studies, March 27-28, 2002 (papers available from the Kennan Institute);

A.L. Vainshtein, Narodnyi dokhod Rossii i SSSR, Moscow: Nauka, 1969.

 

DIIc3. Money

A.Z. Arnold, Banks, credit and money in Soviet Russia, New York: Columbia University Press, 1937;

I. Birman, Secret Incomes of the Soviet State Budget, The Hague, 1981;

G. Garvy, Money, Financial Flows, and Credit in the Soviet Union, Cambridge, MA, 1977;

F.D. Holzman, Soviet Taxation: The Fiscal and Monetary Problems of a Planned Economy, Cambridge, MA, 1955;

L.E. Hubbard, Soviet Money and Finance, London: Macmillan, 1936;

G.Y. Sokolnikov, ed., Soviet Policy in Public Finance, 1917-1928, Stanford, CA. 1931.

 

DIIc4. Economic policy, applied economics

J. Adam, Employment Policies in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, London: Macmillan, 1987;

A. Bergson, The Economics of Soviet Planning, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1964;

J.S. Berliner, Factory and Manager in the USSR, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1957 (important);

J.S. Berliner, Soviet Industry from Stalin to Gorbachev, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988;

B. Chavance, Les rŽformes Žconomiques ˆ lÕest: de 1950 aux annŽes 1990, Paris, 1992;

J. Degras, A. Nove, eds., Soviet Planning: Essays in Honor of Naum Jasny, Oxford, 1964;

T. Dunmore, The Stalinist Command Economy, London, 1980;

D.A. Dyker, The Process of Investment in the Soviet Union, Cambridge, 1981;

M. Ellman, Socialist Planning, Cambridge, 1989;

D. Granick, The Managament of the Industrial Firm in the USSR: A Study in Soviet Economic Planning, New York: Columbia University Press, 1954;

D. Granick, The Red Executive, New York: Doubleday, 1960;

D.W. Green, C.I. Higgins, SOVMOD I. A Macro-econometric Model of the Soviet Economy, New York, 1977;

G. Grossman, ŅThe ŌSecond EconomyÕ of the USSR,Ó Problems of Communism, 5 (1977) Šstill the crucial essay;

T. Gustafson, Crisis Amid Plenty: The Politics of Soviet Energy under Brezhnev and Gorbachev, Princeton, 1989;

V. Holubnychi, Soviet Regional Economics, Edmonton, Alta., 1982;

F.D. Holzman, The Economics of Soviet Bloc Trade and Finance, Boulder, 1987;

A. Katsenelinboigen, ŅColoured Markets in the Soviet Union,Ó Soviet Studies, 1 (1977);

I.S. Koropeckyj, G.E. Schroeder, eds., The Economics of Soviet Regions, New York, NY: Praeger, 1981;

D. Lane, The Socialist Industrial State, London, 1976;

M. Lavigne, Les Žconomies socialistes soviŽtiques et europŽennes, Paris, 1979;

M. Lavigne, International Political Economy and Socialism, Cambridge, 1991;

M. Lewin, Political Undercurrents in Soviet Economic Debates: From Bukharin to the Modern Reformers, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1974 (useful);

S.J. Linz, ed., The Soviet Economic Experiment, University of Illinois Press, 1990;

B. Madison, Social Welfare in the Soviet Union, Stanford, 1968;

A. McAuley, Economic Welfare in the Soviet Union: Poverty, Living Standards, and Inequality, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1979;

S. Rosefielde, Economic Welfare and the Economics of Soviet Socialism: Essays in Honor of Abram Bergson, Cambridge, 1981;

H. Rosovsky, ed., Industrialization in Two Systems: Essays in Honor of Alexander Gerschenkron, New York: Wiley, 1966;

G. Sokoloff, LՃconomie obŽissante: dŽcision politiques et vie Žconomique en U.R.S.S., Paris: Calmann-LŽvy, 1976;

N. Spulber, ed., Soviet Strategy for Economic Growth, Bloomington, 1964 (a useful collection of Soviet texts from the 1920s);

S.G. Strumilin, Na planovom fronte, 1920-1930 gg., Moscow, 1958;

S.G. Strumilin, Problemy ekonomiki truda, Moscow, 1957.

 

 

DIId. Economic and social history

D.A. Baevskii, ed., Izmeneniia v chislennosti i sostave sovetskogo rabochego klassa, Moscow: Nauka, 1961;

A. Baykov, The Development of the Soviet Economic System, Cambridge, 1950;

C. Bettelheim, ed., LÕIndustrialisation de lÕU.R.S.S. dans les annŽes trente, Paris: ƒcole des hautes Žtudes en sciences sociales, 1982;

I. Birman, Personal Consumption in the USSR and the USA, New York, 1989;

W.L. Blackwell, ed., Russian Economic Development from Peter the Great to Stalin, New York, 1974;

P. Carrire, LՎconomie de lÕURSS, 3rd ed., Paris, 1984;

J. Chapman, Real Wages in Soviet Russia Since 1928, Cambridge, MA, 1963;

Cultures Žconomiques et politiques Žconomiques dans lÕEmpire tsariste et en URSS, 1861-1950, special issue, Cahiers du monde russe, 1-2 (1995);

R.W. Davies, ed., From Tsarism to the New Economic Policy: Continuity and Change in the Economy of the USSR, London: Macmillan Press, 1990;
R. W. Davies, Mark Harrison, S. G. Wheatcroft, eds., The Economic Transformation of the Soviet Union, 1913-1945, Cambridge: University Press, 1994 (useful);

G.A. Dikhtiar, Sovetskaia torgovlia v period postroeniia sotsializma, Moscow, 1961;

G.A. Dikhtiar, Sovetskaia torgovlia v period sotsializma, Moscow, 1965;

M. Dobb, Soviet Economic Development Since 1917, New York: International Publishers, 1967;

Z.M. Fallenbuchl, ed., Economic Development in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 2 vols., New York: Praeger, 1975-1976;

S. Fitzpatrick, Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union, 1921-1934, Cambridge University Press, 1979;

G. Friedmann, De la sainte Russie ˆ lÕU.R.S.S., Paris: Gallimard, 1938;

R. Girault, Emprunts russes et investissement franais en Russie, Paris, 1973;

P.R. Gregory, Before Command: An Economic History of Russia from Emancipation to the First Five-Year Plan, Princeton, 1994;

P.R. Gregory, Soviet and Post-Soviet Economic Structure and Performance, New York: HarperCollins, 1994;

P.R. Gregory, ed., Behind the Faade of Stalin's Command Economy: Evidence from the Soviet State and Party Archives, Stanford, 2001;

G. Guroff, F.V. Carstensen, eds., Entrepreneurship in Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union, Princeton, 1983;

P. Hanson, Rise and Fall of the Soviet Economy: An Economic History of the USSR, 1945-1991, London, 2003;

J. Hessler, A Social History of Soviet Trade: Trade Policy, Retail Practices, and Consumption, 1917-1953, Princeton, to be published (important);

A. Gerschenkron, Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962;

N. Jasny, Soviet Industrialization, 1928-1952, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961;

A.N. Malafeev, Istoriia tzenoobrazovaniia v SSSR, 1917-1963 gg., Moscow: MyslÕ, 1964;

B.N. Mironov, SotsialnÕaia istoriia SSSR, 2 vols., Spb, 1999;

R. Moorsteen, R. Powell, The Soviet Capital Stock, 1928-1962, Homewood, Ill.: Irwin, 1966;

P. Naville, Le nouveau lŽviathan: le salaire socialiste, 5 vols., Paris: Anthropos, 1970-1962;

A. Nove, An Economic History of the USSR, 1917-1991, 3rd ed., London: Penguin Books, 1992 (still important);

G.W. Nutter, Growth of Industrial Production in the Soviet Union, Princeton, 1962;

S.N. Prokopovicz, Histoire Žconomique de lÕU.R.S.S., Paris: Flammarion, 1952;

A.G. Rashin, Formirovanie rabochego klass v Rossii, Moscow, 1958;

J.-L. van Regemorter, DÕune perestro•ka ˆ lÕautre: lՎvolution Žconomique de la Russie de 1860 ˆ nos jours, Paris: SEDES, 1990;

J. Sapir, Les fluctuations Žconomiques en URSS, 1941-1985, Paris: Editions de lÕEHESS, 1988;

S. Schwarz, Labor in the Soviet Union, New York, 1951;

Le social en proie ˆ lՎtat soviŽtique, special issue, Le mouvement social, 196 (2001);

L.H. Siegelbaum, R.G. Suny, eds., Making Workers Soviet: Power, Class, and Identity, Ithaca, NY, 1994;

A.C. Sutton, Western Technology and Soviet Economic Development, 3 vols., Stanford, CA.: Hoover Institution, 1968-73;

S. Swianiewicz, Forced Labour and Economic Development: An Enquiry into the Experience of Soviet Industrialization