Beaudry Syllabus Atlantic History Seminar

Seminar in New World Historical Archaeology - AR 770
Boston University
Prof. Mary Beaudry
Fall 2000

Aims of the course
This course is intended to serve both as an introduction to the field of historical archaeology in general and as an overview of the archaeological evidence for life in the Americas in the early modern era. Topics covered include the development of historical archaeology as a distinct subfield of archaeology, its definitions and theoretical perspectives; the spread of European culture into non-European areas; contact between Europeans and native Americans; the development of regional folk cultures in 17th-century America; the rise of popular culture in the 18th century; military and civilian life in the colonial era; and archaeological studies of early American gardens and landscapes. Students gain familiarity with the material signature of colonization, ethnogenesis, and cultural development through a review of archaeological and architectural remains and artifacts found at British, French, Dutch, and Spanish sites throughout the Americas.

Assignments and grading
Students are expected to attend all classes and to complete all of the assigned readings. Regular classes will be conducted in a combined lecture/seminar format; graduate students will also meet weekly for a separate, hour-long seminar session. AR770 students will be graded on class participation and preparation, on assigned in-class presentations, and on a 25-30 page research paper.

Readings

Reserve readings
Readings indicated on the syllabus with an asterisk (*) will be available in the Course Documents folder on the course web site (see below); anything too large for me to scan in will be placed on reserve in the Stone Science Archaeology and Remote Sensing Library. For on-line readings (normally web sites devoted to a particular archaeological project), a hyperlink to the appropriate location on the World Wide Web has been provided on the on-line syllabus as well as on the External Links page of the course web site. Please note that neither the required texts nor the on-line readings will be on reserve in Stone.

Texts
Required texts are available for purchase at the Barnes & Noble Boston University Bookstore; all other readings for the course will be available either on the course web site (articles) or on reserve in the Stone Science Library (books and monographs that I want you to skim). (Note: while journal articles will be available on the course web site, journals such as Historical Archaeology will not be placed on reserve. The relevant volumes can be found in the stacks; out of consideration for fellow students, please be sure to return each volume to its proper location after you've used it.)

Books Ordered for Purchase

Gasco, Janine, Greg Charles Smith, and Patricia Fournier-Garcia, editors
1997 Approaches to the Historical Archaeology of Mexico, Central & South America. Monograph 38. The Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.

Noel Hume, Ivor
1994 The Virginia Adventure: Roanoke to James Towne: An Archaeological and Historical Odyssey. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

Orser, Charles E., Jr., and Brian M. Fagan
1995 Historical Archaeology. HarperCollins, New York.

Starbuck, David R.
1999 The Great Warpath: British Military Sites from Albany to Crown Point. University Press of New England, Hanover, NH.

Yentsch, Anne Elizabeth
1994 A Chesapeake Family and Their Slaves: A Study in Historical Archaeology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Course Web Site
All class participants have access to the course materials through the course web site; here you will find course documents such as the syllabus, announcements about the course, copies of or access to course readings, links to WWW sites you will visit as part of your course assignments, and a communications center from which you can communicate with other members of the class. I'll also be posting course announcements to the Web site. Please plan to visit the site regularly. You can access the site either by clicking on the course title/number in your Student Link Class Schedule, or you can point your browser to http://courseinfo.bu.edu, then click on the link to the current semester, then select College of Arts and Sci~nces, then the link to the class. You will be prompted to login; to do so, enter your BU login name (the portion of your email address that comes before the @). When prompted to enter a: password, enter your regular BU password. Once you are "in" you can change your password and other details of your account, arrange to have your course email forwarded to another address, and so on. (If you've used the system before, it will have stored any changes you made to your personal details.)
Follow the on-line instructions.

Meeting Topics and Reading Assignments

I. Introduction to theCourse (September 5)
. course mechanics (readings, assignments, etc.)
. development and growth of historical archaeology types of sites
. getting involved

II. Overview of Historical Archaeology I: Definitions, Directions (September 7)
Orser & Fagan, Historical Archaeology,Chapters 1-3
*Deetz, James, In Small Things Forgotten, Chapters 1-2
*Deagan, Kathleen, Neither History Nor Prehistory: The Questions that Count in Historical Archaeology. Historical Archaeology 22(1): 7:-12 [1988].

III. Overview of Historical Archaeology II: Theories, Methods, Sources (September 12) Orser & Fagan, Historical Archaeology, Chapters 6-8, 12
Yentsch, A,Chesapeake Family, Chapters 15, 16
*James Deetz, In Small Things Forgotten, Chapters 1-2
*Beaudry, Mary C., "Reinventing Historical Archaeology," in Historical Archaeology and the Study of American Life, ed. by Lu Ann De Cunzo and Bernard L. Herman, pp. 473-497. Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum, Winterthur, DE [1996].
*Deagan, Kathleen, "Historical Archaeology's Contribution to Our Understanding of Early America," in Historical Archaeology in Global Perspective, ed. by Lisa FaIk, pp. 97-112. Smithsonian Istitution Press, Washington, D.C. [1992].
*Little, Barbara J., People with History: An Update on Historical Archaeology in the United States. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 1(1): 5-40 [1994]. Reprinted in Images of the Recent Past: Readings in Historical Archaeology, ed. by Charles E. Orser, Jr., pp. 42-78 (Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press, 1996).

IV. Colonial Artifacts: Identification, Classification, Analysis, Interpretation I (Sept. 14)
Orser & Fagan, Historical Archaeology, Chapters 9-11
*James Deetz, In Small Things Forgotten, Chapters 3-4
*Noel Hume, Ivor, A Guide to Artifacts of Colonial America. Alfred A. Knopf, NY. (Stone only; skim)

V. Colonial Artifacts II (September 19)
Orser & Fagan, Historical Archaeology, Chapters 4, 5
Gasco, Smith, & Fournier-Garcia, Approaches, Chapter 18
*Beaudry et al.,A Vessel Typology for Early Chesapeake Ceramics: The Potomac Typological System. Historical Archaeology 17(1):19-41 [1983]. (Reprinted in Documentary Archaeology in the New World, ed. by Mary C. Beaudry, Chapter 5, Cambridge University Press, 1988, and in Approaches to Material Culture Research for Historical Archaeologists, compiled byG. L. Miller, O. R. Jones, L. A. Ross, and T. Majewski; pp.11-36,Society for Historical Archaeology, Tucson, AZ.)
* Isaac, Rhys, "Ethnographic Method in History," in Material Life in Early America, 1600-1860, ed. by Robert B. St. George, pp. 39-62. Northeastern University Press, Boston [1988].
*Glassie, Henry, "Meaningful Things and Appropriate Myths: The Artifact' sPlace in American Studies,"
in Material Life in Early America, 1600-1860, ed. by Robert B. St. George, pp. 63-92. Northeastern
University Press, Boston [1988].
*Mouer, L. Daniel, "Chesapeake Creoles: The Creation of Folk Culture in Colonial Virginia," in The Archaeology of 17th-Century Virginia, ed. by T. R. Reinhart and D. J. Pogue, pp. 105-166. Published by the Archeological Society of Virginia by the Council of Virginia Archaeologists, Richmond [1993).

VI. Europeans Encounter New Worlds and New Peoples (September 21)
*Schrire, Carmel, "The Historical Archaeology of the Impact of Colonialism in Seventeenth-Century South Africa," in Historical Archaeology in Global Perspective, ed. by Lisa Falk, pp. 69-96. Smithsonian Institution Press! Washington, DC [1992].
*Deetz,James,." Archaeological Evidence of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Encounters,"in Historical Archaeology in Global Perspective, ed. by Lisa Falk, pp.1-10. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC [1992].
*Fitzhugh, William W., "Early Contacts North of Newfoundland before A.D. 1600: A Review," in Cultures in Contact: The European Impact on Native Cultural Institutions in Eastern North America, A.D. 1000-1800, ed.
by William W. Fitzhugh, pp. 23-44. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. [1985].
*Thomas, Peter A., "Cultural Change on the Southern New England Frontier, 1630-1665," in Cultures in Contact, ed. by William W. Fitzhugh, pp.131-163. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
[1985]. '
Tuck, James A., Barry Gaulton and Matthew Carter," A Glimpse of the Colony of Avalon," in Old and New Worlds, ed. by Geoff Egan and Ronald L. Michael, pp. 147-154. Oxbow Books, Oxford [1999].
Colony of Avalon (Newfoundland): httP://www.heritage.nf.ca/avalon~

VII. Jamestown and Beyond: Th~ 17th-Century Chesapeake I (September 26)
Noel Hume, Virginia Adventure, Chapters 1-8
*Cotter, John L., Archaeological Excavations at Jamestown, Virginia. National Park Service Archeological Research Series No.4. USGPO, Washington, D.C. [1958]; in Stone only; skim. (Reprinted by the Archeological Society of Virginia, Richmond.)
*Bragdon, Kathleen, Edward Chappell, and William Graham, "A Scant Urbanity: Jamestown in the 17th Century," in The Archaeology of17th-Centuny Virginia, ed. by T. R. Reinhart andD. J. Pogue, pp. 223-250. Published by the Archeological Society of Virginia for the Council of Virginia Archaeologists, Richmo~d [1993].
*Horn, James P.P., "The Bare Necessities": Standards of Living in England and the Chesapeake, 1650-1700. Historical Archaeology 22(2): 74-91.
Jamestown Rediscovery Project: htt ://www.a va.or /findin index.html

VIII. Jamestown and Beyond: The 17th-Century Chesapeake II (September 28)
Noel Hume, Virginia Adventure, Chapters 9-15
*Miller, Henry M., " Archaeology and Town Planning in Early British America," in Old and New Worlds, ed. by Geoff Egan and Ronald L. Michael, pp. 72-83. Oxbow Books, Oxford [1999].
*Carson, Cary, N. F. Barka, W. M. Kelso, G. W. Stone, and D. Upton, Impermanent Architecture in the Southern American Colonies. Winterthur Portfolio 16(2/3): 135-196. (Reprinted in St. George, ed., Material Life in America.)
*Neiman, Fraser D., "Domestic Architecture at the Clifts Plantation: The Social Context of Early Virginia
Building," in Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture, ed. by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, pp. 292-314. Univ. of Georgia Press, Athens [1986].
*King,]ulia A. and Edward E. Chaney, "Lord Baltimore and the Meaning of Brick Architecture in 17th Century Maryland," in Old and New Worlds, ed. by Geoff Egan and Ronald L. Michael, pp. 51-60. Oxbow Books, Oxford [1999].
*Riordan, Timothy B., The 17th-Century Cemetery at St. Mary's City: Mortuary Practices in the Early Chesapeake. Historical Archaeology 31(4): 28-40 [1997].
Project Lead Coffins: http://www.smcm.edu/hsmc/archaeology/proiect lead coffms/proiect lead coffins.htm

Tentative:
SATURDAY, October 14
FIELD TRIP TO PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS
for a special guided tour of PLIMOTH PLANTATION AND PILGRIM HALL with Curator of Collections Karen J. Goldstein

IX. The Flowering of the Chesapeake: Maryland & Virginia's Golden Age (October 3)
Video: The Williamsburg File.
Yentsch, A Chesapeake Family, Chapters 1-8
*Brown, Marley R., III, and Patricia Samford, "Current Archaeological Perspectives on the Growth and
Development of Williamsburg," in Historical Archaeology of the Chesapeake, ed. by Paul A. Shackel and
Barbara J. Little, pp. 231-250. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. [1994].
*Brown, Marley R., III, "The Practice of American Historical Archaeology: A Williamsburg Perspective," in
Old and New Worlds, ed. by Geoff Egan and Ronald L. Michael, pp. 23-32. Oxbow Books, Oxford [1999].
*Martin, Ann Smart, "'Fashionable Sugar Dishes, Latest Fashion Ware': The Creamware Revolution in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake," in Historical Archaeology of the Chesapeake, ed. by Paul A. Shackel and Barbara J. Little, pp. 169-187. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. [1994].
*Upton, Dell, "Vernacular Domestic Architecture in Eighteenth-Century Virginia," in Common Places:
Readings in American Vernacular Architecture, ed. by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, pp. 315-335. University of Georgia Press, Athens [1986].

X. The Flowering of the Chesapeake: Maryland & Vir~nia's Golden Age (October 12)
Yentsch, A Chesapeake Family, Chapters 9-14
*Barka, Norman F., "The Historical Archaeology of Virginia's Golden Age: An Overview," in The Archaeology of 18th-Century Virginia, ed. by Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 1-46. Special Publication No. 35 of the
Archeological Society of Virginia. Printed for the Council of Virginia Archaeologists by Spectrum Press,
Richmond, Virginia [1996].
*Hudgins, Carter L., "The Archaeology of Plantation Life in 18th-Century Virginia," in The Archaaeology of 18th- Century Virginia, ed. by Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 47-56. Special Publication No. 35 of the
Archeological Society of Virginia. Printed for the Council of Virginia Archaeologists by Spectrum Press, Richmond, Virginia [1996].
*Samford, Patricia, "The Archaeology of Virginia's Urban Areas," in The Archaeology of 18th-Century Virginia, ed. by Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 57-86. Special Publication No. 35 of the Archeological Society of
Virginia. Printed for the Council of Virginia Archaeologists by Spectrum Press, Richmond, Virginia [1996]. I
*Bowen, Joanne V., "Foodways in the 18~Century Chesapeake," in The Archaeology of 18th-Century Virginia, ed. by Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 87-130. Special Publication No. 35 of the Archeological Society of
Virginia. Printed for the Council of Virginia Archaeologists by Spectrum Press, Richmond, Virginia [1996].

CLASS WILL NOT MEET ON OCTOBER 5, 2000
Professor Beaudry will be attending the annual meetings of the
Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology in Halifax, Nova Scotia
CLASS WILL NOT MEET ON TUESDA Y, October 10 , (MONDAY SCHEDULE OF CLASSES)

XI. New England Begins (October 17)
*Deetz, In Small Things, Chapters 5-6
*St. George, Robert B., "'Set Thine House in Order': The Domestication of the Yeomanry in Seventeenth- Century New England," in Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture, ed. by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, pp. 336-366. Univ. of Georgia Press, Athens [1986].
*Beaudry, Mary C. and Douglas C. George, "Old Data, New Findings: 1940s Archeology at Plymouth Re- examined." American Archeology 6(1):20-30 [1987].
*Wood, John, "Village and Community in Early Colonial New England," in Material Life in Early America, 1600-1860, ed. by Robert B. St. George, pp. 159-170. Northeastern University Press, Boston [1988].
*Cummings, Abbott Lowell, "Inside the Massachusetts House," in Common Places: Readings in American
Vernacular Architecture, ed. by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, pp. 219-239. University of Georgia Press, Athens [1986]. '
*Faulkner, Alaric, Archaeology of the Cod Fishery: Damariscove Island. Historical Archaeology 19(2): 57-86 [1985] and Follow up Notes on the 17th Century Cod Fishery at Damariscove Island, Maine. Historical Archaeology 20(2): 86-88 [1986].
*Harrington, Faith. "'Wee Tooke Great Store of Cod-fish': Fishing Ships and First Settlements on the Coast of New England 1600-1630," in American Beginnings: Exploration, Culture, and Cartography in the Land
of Norumbega, ed. by E. W. Baker, E. W. Churchill, R. S. D' Abate, K. L. Jones, V. I. Konrad, and H. E. I.
Prins, pp. 191-216. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln [1994].
Plymouth Archives Project: http://www.people.virginia.edu/~jfd3a/Plymouth/material.html

XII. The Archaeology of Community Life in Early New England(October 19)
* Agnew, Aileen B., Ceramics and the Sea Trade in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1765-1785. Northeast
Historical Archaeology 17: 40-60 [1988].
*Garman, James C., Rethinking "Resistant Accommodation": Toward an Archaeology of African-American
Lives in Southern New England, 1638-1800. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 2(2): 133-160
[1998].
*Goodwin, Lorinda B. R., " A Succession of Kaleidoscopic Pictures": Historical Archaeology at the Turner House, Salem, Massachusetts. Northeast Historical Archaeology 23: 8-28 [1994].
*Pendery, Steven R., "Consumer Behavior in Colonial Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1630-1760," in Meanings and Uses of Material Culture, ed. by Barbara J. Little and Paul A. Shackel, pp. 57-72. Historical Archaeology 26(3): 57-72 [1992].
*Yentsch, Anne E., "Farming, Fishing, Whaling, Trading: Land and Sea as Resource on Eighteenth-century Cape Cod," in Documentary Archaeology in the New World, ed. by Mary C. Beaudry, pp. 138-160. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [1988].
XIII. The French Regime in North America (October 24)
*Faulkner, Alaric and Gretchen Faulkner, "Fort Pentagoet and Castin's Habitation: French Ventures in Acadian Maine," in American Beginnings: Exploration, Culture, and Cartography in the Land of
Norumbega, ed. by E. W. Baker, E. W. Churchill, R. S. D'Abate, K. L. Jones, V. I. Konrad, and H. E. I. Prins, pp. 217-240. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln [1994].
*Moussette, Marcel, The Site of the Intendant's Palace in Quebec City: The Changing Meaning of Urban Space. Historical Archaeology 30(2): 8-21 [1996].
*Walthall, John A., and Thomas E. Emerson, "French Colonial Archaeology," in French Colonial Archaeology: The Illinois Country and the Western Great Lakes, ed. by John A. Walthall, pp. 1-13. University of Illinois
Press, Urbana [1991].
*Noble, Vergil E., "Ouiatenon on the Ouabache: Archaeological Investigations at a Fur Trading Post on the
Wabash River, ih French Colonial Archaeology: The Illinois Country and the Western Great Lakes, ed. by
John A. Walthall; pp. 65-77. University of Illinois Press, Urbana [1991].
*Norris, F. Terry, "Ste. Genevieve, a French Colonial Village in the Illinois Country," in French Colonial Archaeology: The Illinois Country and the Western Great Lakes, ed. by John A. Walthall, pp. 133-148. University of Illinois Press, Urbana [1991].

XIV. New Netherlands I (October 26)
*Huey, Paul, "The Archeology of Colonial New Netherland," in Colonial Dutch Studies: An Interdisciplinary Approach, ed. by Eric Nooter and Patricia U. Bonomi, pp. 52-77. New York University Press, New York [1988].
*Huey, Paul, "The Dutch at Fort Orange," in Historical Archaeology in Global Perspective, ed. by Lisa Falk, pp. 21-68. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. [1992].

XV. New Netherlands II (October 31)
*Janowitz, Meta, Indian Corn and Dutch Pots: Seventeenth-Century Foodways in New Amsterdam/New York. Historical Archaeology 27(2): 624 [1993].
*TBA: selected essays from forthcoming special theme issue of Northeast Historical Archaeology devoted to Dutch colonial archaeology

XVI. New Spain I: La Florida & St. Augustine (November 2)
*Deagan, Kathleen A., "Sixteenth-Century Spanish-American Colonization in the Southeastern United States and Florida," Columbian Consequences Volume 2: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on the Spanish Borderlands East, ed. by David Hurst Thomas, pp. 225-250. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC [1990].
*Deagan, Kathleen A., "The Material Assemblage of 16th-Century Spanish Florida," in Approaches to Material Culture Research for Historical Archaeologists, compiled by G.L. Miller, O.R. Jones, L.A. Ross, and T. Majewski, pp. 255-280. Society for Historical Archaeology, Tucson, AZ. (Reprinted from Historical Archaeology 12: 25-50.)
*Deagan, Kathleen, " Accommodation and Resistance: The Process and Impact of Spanish Colonization in the Southeast," in Columbian Consequences Volume 2: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on the Spanish Borderlands East, ed. by David Hurst Thomas, pp 297-314. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC [1990].

XVII. New Spain II: Missions of the Southeast (November 7)
*Gannon, Michael V., Introduction," in The Spanish Missions of La Florida, ed. by Bonnie McEwan, pp. xxiii- xxvi. University of Florida Press, Gainesville [1993].
*Thomas, David Hurst, "The Archaeology of Mission Santa Catalina de Guale: Our First 15 Years," in The Spanish Missions of La Florida, ed. by Bonnie McEwan, pp.l-34. University of Florida Press, Gainesville [1993].
*Weber, David J., "Blood of Martyrs, Blood of Indians: Toward a More Balanced View of Spanish Missions in Seventeenth-Century North America," in Columbian Consequences Volume 2: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on the Spanish Borderlands East, ed. by David Hurst Thomas, pp 429-448. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC [1990].

XVIII. New Spain III: Mexico & Central America (November 9)
Gasco, Smith, & Fournier-Garcia, Approaches, Chapters 1,2,5,9-11

XlX. New Spain IV: South America (November 14)
Gasco, Smith, & Fournier-Garcia, Approaches, Chapters 13, 16, 17
*Funari, Pedro Paulo A., 1997, Archaeology, History, and Historical Archaeology in South America.
International Journal of Historical Archaeology 1(3): 189-206.

XX. The Archaeology of the Colonial Military: Forts and Soldiers (November 16)
Starbuck, The Great Warpath
*Noel Hume, Historical Archaeology, Chapter VI
*Coe, Michael D., "The Line of Forts: Archaeology of the Mid-Eighteenth Century on the Massachusetts Frontier," in New England Historical Archaeology, ed. by Peter Benes, pp. 44-55. Dublin Seminar for New England Folklife;Annual Proceedings 1977. Boston University Scholarly Press, Boston [1977].
*Beaudry, Mary C., "Colonizing the Virginia Frontier: Fort Christanna and Governor Spotswood's Indian
Policy," in Comparative Studies in the Archaeology of Colonialism, ed. by Stephen Dyson, 130-152. British Archaeological Reports International Series 233. Oxford [1985].
*Starbuck, David R., A Retrospective on Archaeology at Fort William Henry, 1952-1993: Retelling the Tale of the Last of the Mohicans. Northeast Historical Archaeology 20: 8-26 [1991].
*Parrington, M., et aL, "The Material World of the Revolutionary War Soldier at Valley Forge," in The Scope of Historical Archaeology: Essays in Honor of John Cotter, ed. by David Orr and Daniel G. Crozier, pp. 125- 161. Temple University Press, Philadelphia [1984].
*Smith, E. Ann, Drinking Practices and Glassware of the British Military, ca. 1755-85. Northeast Historical Archaeology 12: 31-39 [1983].

XXI. The Archaeology of Colonial Ships and Sailors (November 21)
*Broadwater, John, "Underwater Archaeology in Virginia: The Missing Link," in The Archaeology of 18th- Century Virginia, ed. by Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 283-339. Special Publication No. 35 of the Archeological Society of Virginia. Printed for the Council of Virginia Archaeologists by Spectrum Press, Richmond, Virginia [1996].
*Carter, John, and Trevor Kenchington, "The Terence Bay Wreck: Survey and Excavation of a Mid-18th- Century Fishing Schooner," in Proceedings of the Sixteenth Conference on Underwater Archaeology, ed. by Paul F. Johnston, pp. 13-26. Special Publication No.4, Society for Historical Archaeology [1985].
*Switzer, David, The Excavation of the Privateer Defence. Northeast Historical Archaeology 12: 43-50[1983].
*Zacharchuck, Walter, and Peter J.A. Waddell, The Excavation of the Machault: An 18th-Century French Frigate. Studies in Archaeology, Architecture, and History. Parks Canada, Ottawa [1984].
The Phips Wreck: http:www.mcc.gouv.qc.ca/pamu/champs/archeo/epaphips/wreck01.htm#journal

XXII. The Archaeology of Colonial Households and Landscapes (November 30)
*Beaudry, Mary C., The Archaeology of Historical Land Use in Massachusetts. Historical Archaeology
20(2):38-46 [1986].
*Beaudry, Mary C., "The Archaeology of Domestic Life in Early America," in Old and New Worlds, ed. by
Geoff Egan and Ronald L. Michael, pp.117-126. Oxbow Books, Oxford [1999].
*Kelso, Gerald K. and Mary C. Beaudry, Pollen Analysis and Historic Urban Land Use: Scottow's Dock and its Environs in 17th-, 18th-, and 19th-Century Boston. Historical Archaeology 24(1): 61-81 [1990].

XXII. The Archaeology of Colonial Gardens (December 5)
*Noel Hume, Audrey, Archaeology and the Colonial Gardener. Colonial Williamsburg Archaeological Series 7. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, VA.
*Yentsch, Anne Elizabeth and Judson Kratzer, "Techniques for Recovering Buried 18th-Century Pleasure Gardens," in The Archaeology of Garden and Field, ed. by Naomi Miller and Kathryn Gleason. pp. 168-201. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia (1994).
*Yentsch, Anne, "The Calvert Orangery in Annapolis, Maryland: A Horticultural Symbol of Power and Prestige in an Early Eighteenth-Century Community," in Earth Patterns: Archaeology of Early American and Ancient Gardens and Landscapes, ed. by William M. Kelso and Rachel Most, pp. 169-188. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville [1990].
*Beaudry, Mary C., "Why Gardens?" In Landscape Archaeology: Reading and Interpreting the American
Historical Landscape, ed. by Rebecca Yamin and Karen Bescherer Metheny, pp. 3.;.5. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
*Weber, Carmen, "The Greenhouse Effect: Gender-Related Traditions in Eighteenth-Century Gardening," in Landscape Archaeology: Reading and Interpreting the American Historical Landscape, ed. by Rebecca Yamin and Karen Besherer Metheny, pp. 32-51. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
*Pogue, Dennis J., Giant in the Earth: George Washington, Landscape Designer," in Landscape Archaeology: Reading and Interpreting the American Historical Landscape, ed, by Rebecca Yamin and Karen Besherer Metheny, pp. 22-69. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.

XXIV -XXV. Presentation of Student Projects (December 7 & 12)
Papers due no later than 5 pm on December 15, 2000.